@article{richer_is_2025,

title = {Is It Pain, Anger, Disgust, or Sadness? Individual Differences in Expectations of Pain Facial Expressions},

author = {A. Richer and F. Gingras and M. -P. Plouffe-Demers and D. Fiset and C. Blais},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105002303060&doi=10.1037%2femo0001516&partnerID=40&md5=3f1a8aa2bb0a38679b6fe7d354b216a2},

doi = {10.1037/emo0001516},

issn = {15283542 (ISSN)},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Emotion},

abstract = {Humans rely on facial expressions to assess others’ affective states. However, pain facial expressions are poorly recognized and are often confused with other negative affective states, such as anger, disgust, sadness, and fear. Previous research has shown that individuals’ expectations about the appearance of pain facial expressions are not optimal and do not perfectly reflect the facial features typically observed in individuals expressing pain. In the present study, we verified if expectations about pain facial expressions are also suboptimal by overlapping with other affective states. We relied on two published data sets (data collected between 2017 and 2020) containing images representing the expectations of the appearance of pain facial expressions according to 162 White participants. We then asked an independent group of White participants (N = 60, 30 women},

note = {Publisher: American Psychological Association},

keywords = {facial expressions confusion, Individual differences, mental representation, pain facial expression, Reverse correlation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}