@article{monthuy-blanc_eloricorps_2020,

title = {“eLoriCorps Immersive Body Rating Scale”: Exploring the Assessment of Body Image Disturbances from Allocentric and Egocentric Perspectives},

author = {J. Monthuy-Blanc and S. Bouchard and M. Ouellet and G. Corno and S. Iceta and M. Rousseau},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107195568&doi=10.3390%2fjcm9092926&partnerID=40&md5=ff9b98c6c2ee5dfd530d2c6ea9f39c85},

doi = {10.3390/jcm9092926},

issn = {20770383 (ISSN)},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},

volume = {9},

number = {9},

pages = {1–18},

abstract = {The first objective of this study was to test the convergent and discriminant validity between the “eLoriCorps Immersive Body Rating Scale” and the traditional paper-based figure rating scale (FRS). The second objective was to explore the contribution of the egocentric virtual reality (VR) perspective of eLoriCorps to understanding body image disturbances (BIDs). The sample consisted of 53 female and 13 male adults. Body size dissatisfaction, body size distortion, perceived body size, and ideal body size were assessed. Overall, outcomes showed good agreement between allocentric perspectives as measured via VR and the FRS. The egocentric VR perspective produced different results compared to both the allocentric VR perspective and the FRS. This difference revealed discriminant validity and suggested that eLoricorps’ egocentric VR perspective might assess something different from the traditional conception of body dissatisfaction, which an allocentric VR perspective generally assesses. Finally, the egocentric VR perspective in assessing BIDs deserves to be studied more extensively to explore the possibility of finding two types of body image distortion: (a) an egocentric perceptual body distortion, referring to internal body sensation affected by intra-individual changes, and (b) an allocentric perceptual body distortion, referring to external body benchmarks constructed by inter-individual comparison occurring in a given cultural context. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {Publisher: MDPI},

keywords = {adult, article, Bodily feeling, body dissatisfaction, Body distortion, Body Size, clinical article, conception, controlled study, discriminant validity, female, human, human experiment, male, Perceptual component, rating scale, Sensation, State-and trait-BIDs, Validation, virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{khadra_effects_2020,

title = {Effects of a projector-based hybrid virtual reality on pain in young children with burn injuries during hydrotherapy sessions: A within-subject randomized crossover trial},

author = {C. Khadra and A. Ballard and D. Paquin and C. Cotes-Turpin and H. G. Hoffman and I. Perreault and J. -S. Fortin and S. Bouchard and J. Théroux and S. Le May},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084390816&doi=10.1016%2fj.burns.2020.04.006&partnerID=40&md5=07c94e6c0d5a26e5c2ead8068f0f7f0c},

doi = {10.1016/j.burns.2020.04.006},

issn = {03054179 (ISSN)},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Burns},

volume = {46},

number = {7},

pages = {1571–1584},

abstract = {Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a water-friendly Projector-Based Hybrid Virtual Reality (VR) dome environment combined with standard pharmacological treatment on pain in young children undergoing burn wound care in hydrotherapy. Methods: This study was a prospective, within-subject crossover trial of 38 children aged 6 months to 7 years old (mean age = 1.8 years old). Each hydrotherapy procedure was divided into two equivalent wound care segments (No hybrid VR during one segment vs. Hybrid VR during the other segment, treatment order was randomized). Pain was measured using the 0–10 FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry Consolability scale) and the 0–10 NRS-obs (Numerical Rating Scale-obs). Results: Projector-Based Hybrid VR significantly reduced procedural pain levels measured by the FLACC (p = 0.026) and significantly increased patients' comfort levels (p = 0.002). Patients' pain levels rated by the nurses using the NRS-obs were non-significant between both groups (p = 0.135). No side effects were reported. Conclusion: Projector-Based Hybrid VR helped in reducing the pain related to hydrotherapy procedures in young children with burn wound injuries. This is the first study using virtual reality distraction with young children, and our findings are especially important because a large percentage of pediatric burn patients are very young. Additional research and development are recommended. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02986464, registered on June 12, 2016. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI},

note = {Publisher: Elsevier Ltd},

keywords = {article, burn, Burns, Child, clinical article, clonidine, complication, controlled study, Cross-Over Studies, crossover procedure, Distraction, Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability scale, female, human, Humans, hydromorphone, hydrotherapy, infant, ketamine, male, midazolam, morphine, numeric rating scale, Pain, pain measurement, paracetamol, Preschool, preschool child, procedural pain, Prospective Studies, prospective study, randomized controlled trial, rating scale, virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{dumoulin_are_2020,

title = {Are cognitive load and focus of attention differentially involved in pain management: An experimental study using a cold pressor test and virtual reality},

author = {S. Dumoulin and S. Bouchard and C. Loranger and P. Quintana and V. Gougeon and K. L. Lavoie},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090185237&doi=10.2147%2fJPR.S238766&partnerID=40&md5=38278e890412e4529b0a740f4a6a881e},

doi = {10.2147/JPR.S238766},

issn = {11787090 (ISSN)},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Pain Research},

volume = {13},

pages = {2213–2222},

abstract = {Objective: The aim of this study is to assess whether distraction (lack of attentional focus) and attention (cognitive load) are differentially involved in the analgesic effect of virtual reality (VR) immersions during a cold pressor test (CPT). Methods: Thirty-one participants were randomly assigned to four experimental conditions (high and low cognitive load, attention with or without a reminder of the pain stimuli) and performed three CPTs. Pain was assessed based on the duration of the CPT (pain tolerance), a visual analog rating scale of perceived pain intensity during the CPT and the subjective pain scale of the Short form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ). Results: The statistical analyses revealed that VR immersions were associated with less pain compared to the baseline (all p <0.001), but for the experimental manipulations, only the conditions where there was an increase in cognitive load (ie, from low cognitive load at Immersion 1 to high cognitive load at Immersion 2) were effective for increasing pain tolerance (significant Time X Conditions interaction). The interactions were not significant for pain intensity assessed with the VAS or the SF-MPQ. Conclusion: The results suggest that increases in cognitive load play an important role in the analgesic effect of VR immersion, although the combination of attentional focus and cognitive load may be important. Suggestions are given for designing a replication study. © 2020 Dumoulin et al.},

note = {Publisher: Dove Medical Press Ltd},

keywords = {adult, analgesia, analgesic activity, article, attention, clinical article, Cognitive load, cold pressor test, controlled study, CPT, Distraction, experimental study, female, human, immersion, male, McGill Pain Questionnaire, Pain, pain intensity, pain threshold, randomized controlled trial, rating scale, replication study, virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{robillard_using_2010-1,

title = {Using virtual humans to alleviate social anxiety: Preliminary report from a comparative outcome study},

author = {G. Robillard and S. Bouchard and S. Dumoulin and T. Guitard and E. Klinger},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77952941239&partnerID=40&md5=87efe655c7ce6cdf965fa0c7b7742500},

issn = {15548716},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Annual Review of CyberTherapy and Telemedicine},

volume = {8},

number = {1},

pages = {46–48},

abstract = {Empirical studies have consistently shown the effectiveness of a multicomponent CBT treatment of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Previous outcome studies on virtual reality and SAD have focused on people suffering from fear of public speaking and not full blown SAD. In this study, 45 adults receiving a DSM-IV-TR diagnostic of social anxiety were randomly assigned to traditional CBT treatment (with in vivo exposure), CBT-VR combined treatment, or a waiting list. Results show significant reduction of anxiety on all questionnaires as well as statistically significant interactions between both treatment groups and the waiting list.},

keywords = {adult, article, clinical article, clinical trial, cognitive therapy, comparative study, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, female, human, male, randomized controlled trial, rating scale, social phobia, structured questionnaire, virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{maziade_negative_1995,

title = {Negative, psychoticism, and disorganized dimensions in patients with familial schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: Continuity and discontinuity between the major psychoses},

author = {M. Maziade and M. -A. Roy and M. Martinez and D. Cliche and J. -P. Fournier and Y. Garneau and L. Nicole and N. Montgrain and C. Dion and A. -M. Ponton and A. Potvin and J. -C. Lavallée and A. Pirès and S. Bouchard and P. Boutin and F. Brisebois and C. Mérette},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0029096330&doi=10.1176%2fajp.152.10.1458&partnerID=40&md5=6fa581c2751f28442a0b6823a5669e91},

doi = {10.1176/ajp.152.10.1458},

issn = {0002953X},

year  = {1995},

date = {1995-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry},

volume = {152},

number = {10},

pages = {1458–1463},

abstract = {Objective: This study aimed to answer the following questions: 1) Can we reliably measure the psychopathologic dimensions of schizophrenia by using a lifetime frame and by rating acute and interepisode periods separately? 2) Can we reproduce in subjects with familial schizophrenia the characteristic three-factor structure of schizophrenic symptoms that has been found previously ill general groups of schizophrenic patients? 3) Is the factor structure also present in familial bipolar disorder? Method: Lifetime measures of psychotic symptoms were taken through a slightly modified version of the Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History for 138 patients with highly familial DSM-III-R schizophrenia (N=51), bipolar disorder (N=44), or spectrum disorders (N=43). Symptoms were rated separately in the acute episodes and in the stabilized interepisode intervals across the patients' lives. Results: A satisfactory level of reliability was obtained. In this highly familial study group, the positive/negative factorial distinction was replicated, as was a three-factor model similar to that observed in prior general groups of schizophrenic patients. These factors were also present in bipolar affective disorder. The negative, psychoticism, and disorganized factor model applied more to the acute phase of illness than to the stabilized state. Conclusions: These findings offer an empirical basis for testing biological or genetic variables in relation to negative/positive symptom dimensions, rather than diagnoses. Observations of a shared structure for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder suggest some continuity in the causes of these disorders.},

note = {Publisher: American Psychiatric Association},

keywords = {article, clinical feature, disease association, disease predisposition, genetic variability, human, major clinical study, manic depressive psychosis, priority journal, psychiatric diagnosis, psychosis, rating scale, reliability, schizophrenia},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}