Slide
Centre Interdisciplinaire
de Recherche et d’Innovation
en Cybersécurité et Société
de Recherche et d’Innovation
en Cybersécurité et Société
1.
Sheehy, L.; Finestone, H.; Bouchard, S.; Dezeeuw, K.; Doering, P.; Dunlop, N.; Sveistrup, H.
Immersive Virtual Reality Experiences can Decrease Pain and Distress in Patients Living in Complex Care Journal Article
In: Annual Review of CyberTherapy and Telemedicine, vol. 23, pp. 272–278, 2025, ISSN: 15548716 (ISSN).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, aged, article, chronic pain, clinical article, complex care, controlled study, discomfort, distress syndrome, female, human, immersion, male, Mood, nausea, Pain, patient care, quality of life, virtual reality, wound care
@article{sheehy_immersive_2025,
title = {Immersive Virtual Reality Experiences can Decrease Pain and Distress in Patients Living in Complex Care},
author = {L. Sheehy and H. Finestone and S. Bouchard and K. Dezeeuw and P. Doering and N. Dunlop and H. Sveistrup},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105023893911&partnerID=40&md5=cf29113c44db0b13e00df2e34acbc141},
issn = {15548716 (ISSN)},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {Annual Review of CyberTherapy and Telemedicine},
volume = {23},
pages = {272–278},
abstract = {Patients living in complex care (CC) frequently experience pain. The study goals were to assess the feasibility of using virtual reality (VR), and the potential for VR to impact pain, mood, and quality of life in two groups of patients living in CC, those experiencing acute pain during wound dressing changes and those experiencing chronic pain. Participants were offered 30 minutes of immersive, passive VR experiences using a Meta Quest 2 headset, 3 times/week for 3 weeks. Pain and mood were assessed pre, during and post each VR session. Pain, mood and quality of life were assessed before and after the 3-week intervention. Feasibility was assessed after each session. Three women (average age 66.3) with wound dressing changes completed an average of 3.7 sessions (25.5 minutes/session). Two-thirds experienced meaningful declines in pain with VR. Seventeen participants (6 men, 11 women, average age 58.4) with chronic pain completed an average of 3.1 sessions (21.4 minutes/session). Pain was significantly decreased from pre to post VR and pre to during VR. Mood and quality of life did not change. Both groups had low levels of discomfort and nausea, and high levels of satisfaction and immersiveness. Most participants enjoyed the experience and appreciated the immersion. It was challenging to adapt the headset to patients in non-seated positions who could not use VR controllers. VR is a promising modality to manage pain in patients living in CC. More work needs to be done to confirm the results and implement VR in clinical settings. © 2025, Interactive Media Institute. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {adult, aged, article, chronic pain, clinical article, complex care, controlled study, discomfort, distress syndrome, female, human, immersion, male, Mood, nausea, Pain, patient care, quality of life, virtual reality, wound care},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Patients living in complex care (CC) frequently experience pain. The study goals were to assess the feasibility of using virtual reality (VR), and the potential for VR to impact pain, mood, and quality of life in two groups of patients living in CC, those experiencing acute pain during wound dressing changes and those experiencing chronic pain. Participants were offered 30 minutes of immersive, passive VR experiences using a Meta Quest 2 headset, 3 times/week for 3 weeks. Pain and mood were assessed pre, during and post each VR session. Pain, mood and quality of life were assessed before and after the 3-week intervention. Feasibility was assessed after each session. Three women (average age 66.3) with wound dressing changes completed an average of 3.7 sessions (25.5 minutes/session). Two-thirds experienced meaningful declines in pain with VR. Seventeen participants (6 men, 11 women, average age 58.4) with chronic pain completed an average of 3.1 sessions (21.4 minutes/session). Pain was significantly decreased from pre to post VR and pre to during VR. Mood and quality of life did not change. Both groups had low levels of discomfort and nausea, and high levels of satisfaction and immersiveness. Most participants enjoyed the experience and appreciated the immersion. It was challenging to adapt the headset to patients in non-seated positions who could not use VR controllers. VR is a promising modality to manage pain in patients living in CC. More work needs to be done to confirm the results and implement VR in clinical settings. © 2025, Interactive Media Institute. All rights reserved.
2.
Richer, A.; Gingras, F.; Plouffe-Demers, M. -P.; Fiset, D.; Blais, C.
Is it pain, anger, disgust, or sadness? Individual differences in expectations of pain facial expressions. Journal Article
In: Emotion, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 1750–1763, 2025, ISSN: 15283542 (ISSN).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, anger, article, awareness, confusion, disgust, emotion, emotionality, Emotions, Facial Expression, facial expressions confusion, Facial Recognition, Fear, female, human, human experiment, Humans, Individual differences, Individuality, joy, male, mental representation, Pain, pain facial expression, Pain facial expressions, perception, physiology, psychology, Reverse correlation, sadness, Social Perception, suprise, Young Adult
@article{richerItPainAnger2025a,
title = {Is it pain, anger, disgust, or sadness? Individual differences in expectations of pain facial expressions.},
author = {A. Richer and F. Gingras and M. -P. Plouffe-Demers and D. Fiset and C. Blais},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002303060?origin=resultslist},
doi = {10.1037/emo0001516},
issn = {15283542 (ISSN)},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {Emotion},
volume = {25},
number = {7},
pages = {1750–1763},
publisher = {American Psychological Association},
abstract = {Humans rely on facial expressions to assess others’ affective states. However, pain facial expressions are poorly recognized and are often confused with other negative affective states, such as anger, disgust, sadness, and fear. Previous research has shown that individuals’ expectations about the appearance of pain facial expressions are not optimal and do not perfectly reflect the facial features typically observed in individuals expressing pain. In the present study, we verified if expectations about pain facial expressions are also suboptimal by overlapping with other affective states. We relied on two published data sets (data collected between 2017 and 2020) containing images representing the expectations of the appearance of pain facial expressions according to 162 White participants. We then asked an independent group of White participants (N = 60, 30 women},
keywords = {adult, anger, article, awareness, confusion, disgust, emotion, emotionality, Emotions, Facial Expression, facial expressions confusion, Facial Recognition, Fear, female, human, human experiment, Humans, Individual differences, Individuality, joy, male, mental representation, Pain, pain facial expression, Pain facial expressions, perception, physiology, psychology, Reverse correlation, sadness, Social Perception, suprise, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Humans rely on facial expressions to assess others’ affective states. However, pain facial expressions are poorly recognized and are often confused with other negative affective states, such as anger, disgust, sadness, and fear. Previous research has shown that individuals’ expectations about the appearance of pain facial expressions are not optimal and do not perfectly reflect the facial features typically observed in individuals expressing pain. In the present study, we verified if expectations about pain facial expressions are also suboptimal by overlapping with other affective states. We relied on two published data sets (data collected between 2017 and 2020) containing images representing the expectations of the appearance of pain facial expressions according to 162 White participants. We then asked an independent group of White participants (N = 60, 30 women
3.
Sheehy, L.; Finestone, H.; Bouchard, S.; Dezeeuw, K.; Doering, P.; Dunlop, N.; Sveistrup, H.
Immersive Virtual Reality Experiences can Decrease Pain and Distress in Patients Living in Complex Care Journal Article
In: Annual Review of CyberTherapy and Telemedicine, vol. 23, pp. 272–278, 2025, ISSN: 15548716 (ISSN).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, aged, article, chronic pain, clinical article, complex care, controlled study, discomfort, distress syndrome, female, human, immersion, male, Mood, nausea, Pain, patient care, quality of life, virtual reality, wound care
@article{sheehyImmersiveVirtualReality2025,
title = {Immersive Virtual Reality Experiences can Decrease Pain and Distress in Patients Living in Complex Care},
author = {L. Sheehy and H. Finestone and S. Bouchard and K. Dezeeuw and P. Doering and N. Dunlop and H. Sveistrup},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105023893911?origin=resultslist},
issn = {15548716 (ISSN)},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {Annual Review of CyberTherapy and Telemedicine},
volume = {23},
pages = {272–278},
publisher = {Interactive Media Institute},
abstract = {Patients living in complex care (CC) frequently experience pain. The study goals were to assess the feasibility of using virtual reality (VR), and the potential for VR to impact pain, mood, and quality of life in two groups of patients living in CC, those experiencing acute pain during wound dressing changes and those experiencing chronic pain. Participants were offered 30 minutes of immersive, passive VR experiences using a Meta Quest 2 headset, 3 times/week for 3 weeks. Pain and mood were assessed pre, during and post each VR session. Pain, mood and quality of life were assessed before and after the 3-week intervention. Feasibility was assessed after each session. Three women (average age 66.3) with wound dressing changes completed an average of 3.7 sessions (25.5 minutes/session). Two-thirds experienced meaningful declines in pain with VR. Seventeen participants (6 men, 11 women, average age 58.4) with chronic pain completed an average of 3.1 sessions (21.4 minutes/session). Pain was significantly decreased from pre to post VR and pre to during VR. Mood and quality of life did not change. Both groups had low levels of discomfort and nausea, and high levels of satisfaction and immersiveness. Most participants enjoyed the experience and appreciated the immersion. It was challenging to adapt the headset to patients in non-seated positions who could not use VR controllers. VR is a promising modality to manage pain in patients living in CC. More work needs to be done to confirm the results and implement VR in clinical settings. © 2025, Interactive Media Institute. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {adult, aged, article, chronic pain, clinical article, complex care, controlled study, discomfort, distress syndrome, female, human, immersion, male, Mood, nausea, Pain, patient care, quality of life, virtual reality, wound care},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Patients living in complex care (CC) frequently experience pain. The study goals were to assess the feasibility of using virtual reality (VR), and the potential for VR to impact pain, mood, and quality of life in two groups of patients living in CC, those experiencing acute pain during wound dressing changes and those experiencing chronic pain. Participants were offered 30 minutes of immersive, passive VR experiences using a Meta Quest 2 headset, 3 times/week for 3 weeks. Pain and mood were assessed pre, during and post each VR session. Pain, mood and quality of life were assessed before and after the 3-week intervention. Feasibility was assessed after each session. Three women (average age 66.3) with wound dressing changes completed an average of 3.7 sessions (25.5 minutes/session). Two-thirds experienced meaningful declines in pain with VR. Seventeen participants (6 men, 11 women, average age 58.4) with chronic pain completed an average of 3.1 sessions (21.4 minutes/session). Pain was significantly decreased from pre to post VR and pre to during VR. Mood and quality of life did not change. Both groups had low levels of discomfort and nausea, and high levels of satisfaction and immersiveness. Most participants enjoyed the experience and appreciated the immersion. It was challenging to adapt the headset to patients in non-seated positions who could not use VR controllers. VR is a promising modality to manage pain in patients living in CC. More work needs to be done to confirm the results and implement VR in clinical settings. © 2025, Interactive Media Institute. All rights reserved.
4.
Richer, A.; Gingras, F.; Plouffe-Demers, M. -P.; Fiset, D.; Blais, C.
Is it pain, anger, disgust, or sadness? Individual differences in expectations of pain facial expressions. Journal Article
In: Emotion, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 1750–1763, 2025, ISSN: 15283542 (ISSN).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, anger, article, awareness, confusion, disgust, emotion, emotionality, Emotions, Facial Expression, facial expressions confusion, Facial Recognition, Fear, female, human, human experiment, Humans, Individual differences, Individuality, joy, male, mental representation, Pain, pain facial expression, Pain facial expressions, perception, physiology, psychology, Reverse correlation, sadness, Social Perception, suprise, Young Adult
@article{richerItPainAnger2025b,
title = {Is it pain, anger, disgust, or sadness? Individual differences in expectations of pain facial expressions.},
author = {A. Richer and F. Gingras and M. -P. Plouffe-Demers and D. Fiset and C. Blais},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105002303060&doi=10.1037%2Femo0001516&partnerID=40&md5=6b52952b00184d7e178ab041a2eaab88},
doi = {10.1037/emo0001516},
issn = {15283542 (ISSN)},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {Emotion},
volume = {25},
number = {7},
pages = {1750–1763},
abstract = {Humans rely on facial expressions to assess others’ affective states. However, pain facial expressions are poorly recognized and are often confused with other negative affective states, such as anger, disgust, sadness, and fear. Previous research has shown that individuals’ expectations about the appearance of pain facial expressions are not optimal and do not perfectly reflect the facial features typically observed in individuals expressing pain. In the present study, we verified if expectations about pain facial expressions are also suboptimal by overlapping with other affective states. We relied on two published data sets (data collected between 2017 and 2020) containing images representing the expectations of the appearance of pain facial expressions according to 162 White participants. We then asked an independent group of White participants (N = 60, 30 women},
keywords = {adult, anger, article, awareness, confusion, disgust, emotion, emotionality, Emotions, Facial Expression, facial expressions confusion, Facial Recognition, Fear, female, human, human experiment, Humans, Individual differences, Individuality, joy, male, mental representation, Pain, pain facial expression, Pain facial expressions, perception, physiology, psychology, Reverse correlation, sadness, Social Perception, suprise, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Humans rely on facial expressions to assess others’ affective states. However, pain facial expressions are poorly recognized and are often confused with other negative affective states, such as anger, disgust, sadness, and fear. Previous research has shown that individuals’ expectations about the appearance of pain facial expressions are not optimal and do not perfectly reflect the facial features typically observed in individuals expressing pain. In the present study, we verified if expectations about pain facial expressions are also suboptimal by overlapping with other affective states. We relied on two published data sets (data collected between 2017 and 2020) containing images representing the expectations of the appearance of pain facial expressions according to 162 White participants. We then asked an independent group of White participants (N = 60, 30 women
5.
Sheehy, L.; Finestone, H.; Bouchard, S.; Dezeeuw, K.; Doering, P.; Dunlop, N.; Sveistrup, H.
Immersive Virtual Reality Experiences can Decrease Pain and Distress in Patients Living in Complex Care Journal Article
In: Annual Review of CyberTherapy and Telemedicine, vol. 23, pp. 272–278, 2025, ISSN: 15548716 (ISSN).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, aged, article, chronic pain, clinical article, complex care, controlled study, discomfort, distress syndrome, female, human, immersion, male, Mood, nausea, Pain, patient care, quality of life, virtual reality, wound care
@article{sheehyImmersiveVirtualReality2025a,
title = {Immersive Virtual Reality Experiences can Decrease Pain and Distress in Patients Living in Complex Care},
author = {L. Sheehy and H. Finestone and S. Bouchard and K. Dezeeuw and P. Doering and N. Dunlop and H. Sveistrup},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105023893911&partnerID=40&md5=cf29113c44db0b13e00df2e34acbc141},
issn = {15548716 (ISSN)},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {Annual Review of CyberTherapy and Telemedicine},
volume = {23},
pages = {272–278},
abstract = {Patients living in complex care (CC) frequently experience pain. The study goals were to assess the feasibility of using virtual reality (VR), and the potential for VR to impact pain, mood, and quality of life in two groups of patients living in CC, those experiencing acute pain during wound dressing changes and those experiencing chronic pain. Participants were offered 30 minutes of immersive, passive VR experiences using a Meta Quest 2 headset, 3 times/week for 3 weeks. Pain and mood were assessed pre, during and post each VR session. Pain, mood and quality of life were assessed before and after the 3-week intervention. Feasibility was assessed after each session. Three women (average age 66.3) with wound dressing changes completed an average of 3.7 sessions (25.5 minutes/session). Two-thirds experienced meaningful declines in pain with VR. Seventeen participants (6 men, 11 women, average age 58.4) with chronic pain completed an average of 3.1 sessions (21.4 minutes/session). Pain was significantly decreased from pre to post VR and pre to during VR. Mood and quality of life did not change. Both groups had low levels of discomfort and nausea, and high levels of satisfaction and immersiveness. Most participants enjoyed the experience and appreciated the immersion. It was challenging to adapt the headset to patients in non-seated positions who could not use VR controllers. VR is a promising modality to manage pain in patients living in CC. More work needs to be done to confirm the results and implement VR in clinical settings. © 2025, Interactive Media Institute. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {adult, aged, article, chronic pain, clinical article, complex care, controlled study, discomfort, distress syndrome, female, human, immersion, male, Mood, nausea, Pain, patient care, quality of life, virtual reality, wound care},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Patients living in complex care (CC) frequently experience pain. The study goals were to assess the feasibility of using virtual reality (VR), and the potential for VR to impact pain, mood, and quality of life in two groups of patients living in CC, those experiencing acute pain during wound dressing changes and those experiencing chronic pain. Participants were offered 30 minutes of immersive, passive VR experiences using a Meta Quest 2 headset, 3 times/week for 3 weeks. Pain and mood were assessed pre, during and post each VR session. Pain, mood and quality of life were assessed before and after the 3-week intervention. Feasibility was assessed after each session. Three women (average age 66.3) with wound dressing changes completed an average of 3.7 sessions (25.5 minutes/session). Two-thirds experienced meaningful declines in pain with VR. Seventeen participants (6 men, 11 women, average age 58.4) with chronic pain completed an average of 3.1 sessions (21.4 minutes/session). Pain was significantly decreased from pre to post VR and pre to during VR. Mood and quality of life did not change. Both groups had low levels of discomfort and nausea, and high levels of satisfaction and immersiveness. Most participants enjoyed the experience and appreciated the immersion. It was challenging to adapt the headset to patients in non-seated positions who could not use VR controllers. VR is a promising modality to manage pain in patients living in CC. More work needs to be done to confirm the results and implement VR in clinical settings. © 2025, Interactive Media Institute. All rights reserved.
6.
Lévesque-Lacasse, A.; Desjardins, M. -C.; Fiset, D.; Charbonneau, C.; Cormier, S.; Blais, C.
In: Journal of Pain, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 250–264, 2024, ISSN: 15265900, (Publisher: Elsevier B.V.).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: anger, article, chronic pain, disgust, emotion, Emotions, Empathy, Estimation bias, expectation, eyebrow, Facial Expression, Facial expressions of pain, human, Humans, mental representation, Mental representations, motivation, Pain, pain assessment, psychology, questionnaire, reliability, reproducibility, Reproducibility of Results, Reverse correlation, sadness, sensitivity, vision, Visual Perception
@article{levesque-lacasse_relationship_2024,
title = {The Relationship Between the Ability to Infer Another's Pain and the Expectations Regarding the Appearance of Pain Facial Expressions: Investigation of the Role of Visual Perception},
author = {A. Lévesque-Lacasse and M. -C. Desjardins and D. Fiset and C. Charbonneau and S. Cormier and C. Blais},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85171357836&doi=10.1016%2fj.jpain.2023.08.007&partnerID=40&md5=dcfeb2e0eb9f13b42122ddfcbc987fc0},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpain.2023.08.007},
issn = {15265900},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Pain},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {250–264},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {Although pain is a commonly experienced and observed affective state, it is frequently misinterpreted, which leads to inadequate caregiving. Studies show the ability at estimating pain in others (estimation bias) and detecting its subtle variations (sensitivity) could emerge from independent mechanisms. While estimation bias is modulated by variables such as empathy level, pain catastrophizing tendency, and overexposure to pain, sensitivity remains unimpacted. The present study verifies if these 2 types of inaccuracies are partly explained by perceptual factors. Using reverse correlation, we measured their association with participants' mental representation of pain, or more simply put, with their expectations of what the face of a person in pain should look like. Experiment 1 shows that both parameters are associated with variations in expectations of this expression. More specifically, the estimation bias is linked with expectations characterized by salient changes in the middle face region, whereas sensitivity is associated with salient changes in the eyebrow region. Experiment 2 reveals that bias and sensitivity yield differences in emotional representations. Expectations of individuals with a lower underestimation tendency are qualitatively rated as expressing more pain and sadness, and those of individuals with a higher level of sensitivity as expressing more pain, anger, and disgust. Together, these results provide evidence for a perceptual contribution in pain inferencing that is independent of other psychosocial variables and its link to observers’ expectations. Perspective: This article reinforces the contribution of perceptual mechanisms in pain assessment. Moreover, strategies aimed to improve the reliability of individuals’ expectations regarding the appearance of facial expressions of pain could potentially be developed, and contribute to decrease inaccuracies found in pain assessment and the confusion between pain and other affective states. © 2023 United States Association for the Study of Pain, Inc.},
note = {Publisher: Elsevier B.V.},
keywords = {anger, article, chronic pain, disgust, emotion, Emotions, Empathy, Estimation bias, expectation, eyebrow, Facial Expression, Facial expressions of pain, human, Humans, mental representation, Mental representations, motivation, Pain, pain assessment, psychology, questionnaire, reliability, reproducibility, Reproducibility of Results, Reverse correlation, sadness, sensitivity, vision, Visual Perception},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Although pain is a commonly experienced and observed affective state, it is frequently misinterpreted, which leads to inadequate caregiving. Studies show the ability at estimating pain in others (estimation bias) and detecting its subtle variations (sensitivity) could emerge from independent mechanisms. While estimation bias is modulated by variables such as empathy level, pain catastrophizing tendency, and overexposure to pain, sensitivity remains unimpacted. The present study verifies if these 2 types of inaccuracies are partly explained by perceptual factors. Using reverse correlation, we measured their association with participants' mental representation of pain, or more simply put, with their expectations of what the face of a person in pain should look like. Experiment 1 shows that both parameters are associated with variations in expectations of this expression. More specifically, the estimation bias is linked with expectations characterized by salient changes in the middle face region, whereas sensitivity is associated with salient changes in the eyebrow region. Experiment 2 reveals that bias and sensitivity yield differences in emotional representations. Expectations of individuals with a lower underestimation tendency are qualitatively rated as expressing more pain and sadness, and those of individuals with a higher level of sensitivity as expressing more pain, anger, and disgust. Together, these results provide evidence for a perceptual contribution in pain inferencing that is independent of other psychosocial variables and its link to observers’ expectations. Perspective: This article reinforces the contribution of perceptual mechanisms in pain assessment. Moreover, strategies aimed to improve the reliability of individuals’ expectations regarding the appearance of facial expressions of pain could potentially be developed, and contribute to decrease inaccuracies found in pain assessment and the confusion between pain and other affective states. © 2023 United States Association for the Study of Pain, Inc.
7.
Lévesque-Lacasse, A.; Desjardins, M. -C.; Fiset, D.; Charbonneau, C.; Cormier, S.; Blais, C.
In: Journal of Pain, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 250–264, 2024, ISSN: 15265900.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: anger, article, chronic pain, disgust, emotion, Emotions, Empathy, Estimation bias, expectation, eyebrow, Facial Expression, Facial expressions of pain, human, Humans, mental representation, Mental representations, motivation, Pain, pain assessment, psychology, questionnaire, reliability, reproducibility, Reproducibility of Results, Reverse correlation, sadness, sensitivity, vision, Visual Perception
@article{levesque-lacasseRelationshipAbilityInfer2024,
title = {The Relationship Between the Ability to Infer Another's Pain and the Expectations Regarding the Appearance of Pain Facial Expressions: Investigation of the Role of Visual Perception},
author = {A. Lévesque-Lacasse and M. -C. Desjardins and D. Fiset and C. Charbonneau and S. Cormier and C. Blais},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85171357836&doi=10.1016%2fj.jpain.2023.08.007&partnerID=40&md5=dcfeb2e0eb9f13b42122ddfcbc987fc0},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpain.2023.08.007},
issn = {15265900},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Pain},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {250–264},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {Although pain is a commonly experienced and observed affective state, it is frequently misinterpreted, which leads to inadequate caregiving. Studies show the ability at estimating pain in others (estimation bias) and detecting its subtle variations (sensitivity) could emerge from independent mechanisms. While estimation bias is modulated by variables such as empathy level, pain catastrophizing tendency, and overexposure to pain, sensitivity remains unimpacted. The present study verifies if these 2 types of inaccuracies are partly explained by perceptual factors. Using reverse correlation, we measured their association with participants' mental representation of pain, or more simply put, with their expectations of what the face of a person in pain should look like. Experiment 1 shows that both parameters are associated with variations in expectations of this expression. More specifically, the estimation bias is linked with expectations characterized by salient changes in the middle face region, whereas sensitivity is associated with salient changes in the eyebrow region. Experiment 2 reveals that bias and sensitivity yield differences in emotional representations. Expectations of individuals with a lower underestimation tendency are qualitatively rated as expressing more pain and sadness, and those of individuals with a higher level of sensitivity as expressing more pain, anger, and disgust. Together, these results provide evidence for a perceptual contribution in pain inferencing that is independent of other psychosocial variables and its link to observers’ expectations. Perspective: This article reinforces the contribution of perceptual mechanisms in pain assessment. Moreover, strategies aimed to improve the reliability of individuals’ expectations regarding the appearance of facial expressions of pain could potentially be developed, and contribute to decrease inaccuracies found in pain assessment and the confusion between pain and other affective states. © 2023 United States Association for the Study of Pain, Inc.},
keywords = {anger, article, chronic pain, disgust, emotion, Emotions, Empathy, Estimation bias, expectation, eyebrow, Facial Expression, Facial expressions of pain, human, Humans, mental representation, Mental representations, motivation, Pain, pain assessment, psychology, questionnaire, reliability, reproducibility, Reproducibility of Results, Reverse correlation, sadness, sensitivity, vision, Visual Perception},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Although pain is a commonly experienced and observed affective state, it is frequently misinterpreted, which leads to inadequate caregiving. Studies show the ability at estimating pain in others (estimation bias) and detecting its subtle variations (sensitivity) could emerge from independent mechanisms. While estimation bias is modulated by variables such as empathy level, pain catastrophizing tendency, and overexposure to pain, sensitivity remains unimpacted. The present study verifies if these 2 types of inaccuracies are partly explained by perceptual factors. Using reverse correlation, we measured their association with participants' mental representation of pain, or more simply put, with their expectations of what the face of a person in pain should look like. Experiment 1 shows that both parameters are associated with variations in expectations of this expression. More specifically, the estimation bias is linked with expectations characterized by salient changes in the middle face region, whereas sensitivity is associated with salient changes in the eyebrow region. Experiment 2 reveals that bias and sensitivity yield differences in emotional representations. Expectations of individuals with a lower underestimation tendency are qualitatively rated as expressing more pain and sadness, and those of individuals with a higher level of sensitivity as expressing more pain, anger, and disgust. Together, these results provide evidence for a perceptual contribution in pain inferencing that is independent of other psychosocial variables and its link to observers’ expectations. Perspective: This article reinforces the contribution of perceptual mechanisms in pain assessment. Moreover, strategies aimed to improve the reliability of individuals’ expectations regarding the appearance of facial expressions of pain could potentially be developed, and contribute to decrease inaccuracies found in pain assessment and the confusion between pain and other affective states. © 2023 United States Association for the Study of Pain, Inc.
8.
Du, K. Le; Septans, A. -L.; Maloisel, F.; Vanquaethem, H.; Schmitt, A.; Goff, M. Le; Clavert, A.; Zinger, M.; Bourgeois, H.; Dupuis, O.; Denis, F.; Bouchard, S.
In: Journal of Medical Internet Research, vol. 25, 2023, ISSN: 14388871 (ISSN), (Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, alprazolam, Anxiety, article, Biopsy, blood pressure measurement, Bone Marrow, bone marrow biopsy, clinical trial, controlled study, demographics, digital health, digital therapeutics, Distraction, Effectiveness, efficacy, eHealth, female, follow up, head-mounted display, hematologic disease, human, human tissue, Humans, hypertension, imagery, imaginary, imagination, Immersive environment, Intention to Treat Analysis, interactive environment, leukemia, lidocaine, local anesthesia, lymphoma, major clinical study, male, medical procedure, Meopa, Middle Aged, monoclonal immunoglobulinemia, multicenter study, myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloma, myeloproliferative disorder, myeloproliferative neoplasm, nitrous oxide plus oxygen, open study, Pain, pain intensity, pain measurement, paracetamol, phase 3 clinical trial, prospective study, questionnaire, randomized controlled trial, RCT, relaxation training, safety, satisfaction, solid malignant neoplasm, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, very elderly, virtual reality, visual analog scale, VR, Young Adult
@article{le_du_new_2023,
title = {A New Option for Pain Prevention Using a Therapeutic Virtual Reality Solution for Bone Marrow Biopsy (REVEH Trial): Open-Label, Randomized, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study},
author = {K. Le Du and A. -L. Septans and F. Maloisel and H. Vanquaethem and A. Schmitt and M. Le Goff and A. Clavert and M. Zinger and H. Bourgeois and O. Dupuis and F. Denis and S. Bouchard},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148250546&doi=10.2196%2f38619&partnerID=40&md5=e27bfbd3d4c42f8850daf70bdf60b384},
doi = {10.2196/38619},
issn = {14388871 (ISSN)},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},
volume = {25},
publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc.},
abstract = {Background: Evidence regarding the analgesic effect of distraction through immersion in virtual reality (VR) for care-induced pain has been documented in several phase 2 trials, but comparison with standard treatments in large, randomized studies is needed. Objective: In this open-label, multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel VR therapy solution for distraction in the context of bone marrow biopsy. Methods: Bliss is a VR software with 4 imaginary interactive environments in 3 dimensions with binaural sound (head-mounted display). Efficacy regarding pain intensity was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS; score from 0 to 10) immediately after the biopsy. Secondary end points were anxiety and tolerance. Modified intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results: Overall, 126 patients with previously documented untreated or suspected malignant hemopathy between September 6, 2018, and May 18, 2020, were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive pain prevention with a mixture of nitrous oxide/oxygen (MEOPA; n=63) or VR (n=63) before and during the bone marrow biopsy. We excluded 8 patients from the final analysis (3 in the MEOPA group and 5 in the VR group). All patients received local anesthesia (lidocaine) before biopsy. Follow-up was limited to 1 month after the biopsy. Participants' median age was 65.5 (range 18-87) years, and 54.2% (64/118) of patients were male. The average pain intensity was 3.5 (SD 2.6, 95% CI -1.6 to 8.6) for the MEOPA group and 3.0 (SD 2.4, 95% CI -1.7 to 7.7) for the VR group, without any significant differences in age, sex, center, and hemopathy (P=.26). Concerning anxiety, 67.5% (79/117; fear of pain questionnaire) of the patients were afraid before the biopsy, and anxiety scores were moderate to very high in 26.3% (30/114; revised Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire) of the patients before the biopsy and 9.0% (10/114) after the biopsy for all patients, without a significant difference between the 2 groups (P=.83). Immersion in VR was well tolerated by the majority (54/57, 95%) of patients in the VR group. Conclusions: The intensity of pain did not significantly differ between both arms. VR was well tolerated, and the satisfaction of patients, nurses, and physicians was very high. VR could be an alternative treatment in case of contraindication or intolerance to MEOPA. © 2023 Journal of Medical Internet Research. All rights reserved.},
note = {Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.},
keywords = {80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, alprazolam, Anxiety, article, Biopsy, blood pressure measurement, Bone Marrow, bone marrow biopsy, clinical trial, controlled study, demographics, digital health, digital therapeutics, Distraction, Effectiveness, efficacy, eHealth, female, follow up, head-mounted display, hematologic disease, human, human tissue, Humans, hypertension, imagery, imaginary, imagination, Immersive environment, Intention to Treat Analysis, interactive environment, leukemia, lidocaine, local anesthesia, lymphoma, major clinical study, male, medical procedure, Meopa, Middle Aged, monoclonal immunoglobulinemia, multicenter study, myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloma, myeloproliferative disorder, myeloproliferative neoplasm, nitrous oxide plus oxygen, open study, Pain, pain intensity, pain measurement, paracetamol, phase 3 clinical trial, prospective study, questionnaire, randomized controlled trial, RCT, relaxation training, safety, satisfaction, solid malignant neoplasm, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, very elderly, virtual reality, visual analog scale, VR, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Evidence regarding the analgesic effect of distraction through immersion in virtual reality (VR) for care-induced pain has been documented in several phase 2 trials, but comparison with standard treatments in large, randomized studies is needed. Objective: In this open-label, multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel VR therapy solution for distraction in the context of bone marrow biopsy. Methods: Bliss is a VR software with 4 imaginary interactive environments in 3 dimensions with binaural sound (head-mounted display). Efficacy regarding pain intensity was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS; score from 0 to 10) immediately after the biopsy. Secondary end points were anxiety and tolerance. Modified intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results: Overall, 126 patients with previously documented untreated or suspected malignant hemopathy between September 6, 2018, and May 18, 2020, were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive pain prevention with a mixture of nitrous oxide/oxygen (MEOPA; n=63) or VR (n=63) before and during the bone marrow biopsy. We excluded 8 patients from the final analysis (3 in the MEOPA group and 5 in the VR group). All patients received local anesthesia (lidocaine) before biopsy. Follow-up was limited to 1 month after the biopsy. Participants' median age was 65.5 (range 18-87) years, and 54.2% (64/118) of patients were male. The average pain intensity was 3.5 (SD 2.6, 95% CI -1.6 to 8.6) for the MEOPA group and 3.0 (SD 2.4, 95% CI -1.7 to 7.7) for the VR group, without any significant differences in age, sex, center, and hemopathy (P=.26). Concerning anxiety, 67.5% (79/117; fear of pain questionnaire) of the patients were afraid before the biopsy, and anxiety scores were moderate to very high in 26.3% (30/114; revised Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire) of the patients before the biopsy and 9.0% (10/114) after the biopsy for all patients, without a significant difference between the 2 groups (P=.83). Immersion in VR was well tolerated by the majority (54/57, 95%) of patients in the VR group. Conclusions: The intensity of pain did not significantly differ between both arms. VR was well tolerated, and the satisfaction of patients, nurses, and physicians was very high. VR could be an alternative treatment in case of contraindication or intolerance to MEOPA. © 2023 Journal of Medical Internet Research. All rights reserved.
9.
Dugas, M. J.; Marchal, K. Giguère; Cormier, S.; Bouchard, S.; Gouin, J. -P.; Shafran, R.
Pain catastrophizing and worry about health in generalized anxiety disorder Journal Article
In: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 852–861, 2023, ISSN: 10633995, (Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: adult, Anxiety, Anxiety disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Catastrophization, catastrophizing, human, Humans, Pain, psychology, uncertainty
@article{dugas_pain_2023,
title = {Pain catastrophizing and worry about health in generalized anxiety disorder},
author = {M. J. Dugas and K. Giguère Marchal and S. Cormier and S. Bouchard and J. -P. Gouin and R. Shafran},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85150514206&doi=10.1002%2fcpp.2843&partnerID=40&md5=2676de0f5a42bcdaea5f10aa5e8e3f55},
doi = {10.1002/cpp.2843},
issn = {10633995},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy},
volume = {30},
number = {4},
pages = {852–861},
publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},
abstract = {Because the diagnostic criteria of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are not tied to specific worry domains (worry is ‘generalized’), research on the content of worry in GAD is lacking. To our knowledge, no study has addressed vulnerability for specific worry topics in GAD. The goal of the current study, a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial, is to explore the relationship between pain catastrophizing and worry about health in a sample of 60 adults with primary GAD. All data for this study were collected at pretest, prior to randomization to experimental condition in the larger trial. The hypotheses were that (1) pain catastrophizing would be positively related to the severity of GAD, (2) the relationship between pain catastrophizing and the severity of GAD would not be explained by intolerance of uncertainty and psychological rigidity, and (3) pain catastrophizing would be greater in participants reporting worry about health compared to those not reporting worry about health. All hypotheses were confirmed, suggesting that pain catastrophizing may be a threat-specific vulnerability for health-related worry in GAD. The implications of the current findings include a better understanding of the ideographic content of worry, which could help focus treatment interventions for individuals with GAD. © 2023 The Authors. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},
note = {Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd},
keywords = {adult, Anxiety, Anxiety disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Catastrophization, catastrophizing, human, Humans, Pain, psychology, uncertainty},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Because the diagnostic criteria of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are not tied to specific worry domains (worry is ‘generalized’), research on the content of worry in GAD is lacking. To our knowledge, no study has addressed vulnerability for specific worry topics in GAD. The goal of the current study, a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial, is to explore the relationship between pain catastrophizing and worry about health in a sample of 60 adults with primary GAD. All data for this study were collected at pretest, prior to randomization to experimental condition in the larger trial. The hypotheses were that (1) pain catastrophizing would be positively related to the severity of GAD, (2) the relationship between pain catastrophizing and the severity of GAD would not be explained by intolerance of uncertainty and psychological rigidity, and (3) pain catastrophizing would be greater in participants reporting worry about health compared to those not reporting worry about health. All hypotheses were confirmed, suggesting that pain catastrophizing may be a threat-specific vulnerability for health-related worry in GAD. The implications of the current findings include a better understanding of the ideographic content of worry, which could help focus treatment interventions for individuals with GAD. © 2023 The Authors. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
10.
Gingras, F.; Fiset, D.; Plouffe-Demers, M. -P.; Deschênes, A.; Cormier, S.; Forget, H.; Blais, C.
Pain in the eye of the beholder: Variations in pain visual representations as a function of face ethnicity and culture Journal Article
In: British Journal of Psychology, vol. 114, no. 3, pp. 621–637, 2023, ISSN: 00071269, (Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Caucasian, emotion, Emotions, Ethnicity, human, Humans, Pain, psychology, White People
@article{gingras_pain_2023,
title = {Pain in the eye of the beholder: Variations in pain visual representations as a function of face ethnicity and culture},
author = {F. Gingras and D. Fiset and M. -P. Plouffe-Demers and A. Deschênes and S. Cormier and H. Forget and C. Blais},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85149411004&doi=10.1111%2fbjop.12641&partnerID=40&md5=eb36c9f5071b30edaff22935109abcea},
doi = {10.1111/bjop.12641},
issn = {00071269},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {British Journal of Psychology},
volume = {114},
number = {3},
pages = {621–637},
publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},
abstract = {Pain experienced by Black individuals is systematically underestimated, and recent studies have shown that part of this bias is rooted in perceptual factors. We used Reverse Correlation to estimate visual representations of the pain expression in Black and White faces, in participants originating from both Western and African countries. Groups of raters were then asked to evaluate the presence of pain and other emotions in these representations. A second group of White raters then evaluated those same representations placed over a neutral background face (50% White; 50% Black). Image-based analyses show significant effects of culture and face ethnicity, but no interaction between the two factors. Western representations were more likely to be judged as expressing pain than African representations. For both cultural groups, raters also perceived more pain in White face representations than in Black face representations. However, when changing the background stimulus to the neutral background face, this effect of face ethnic profile disappeared. Overall, these results suggest that individuals have different expectations of how pain is expressed by Black and White individuals, and that cultural factors may explain a part of this phenomenon. © 2023 The Authors. British Journal of Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Psychological Society.},
note = {Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd},
keywords = {Caucasian, emotion, Emotions, Ethnicity, human, Humans, Pain, psychology, White People},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Pain experienced by Black individuals is systematically underestimated, and recent studies have shown that part of this bias is rooted in perceptual factors. We used Reverse Correlation to estimate visual representations of the pain expression in Black and White faces, in participants originating from both Western and African countries. Groups of raters were then asked to evaluate the presence of pain and other emotions in these representations. A second group of White raters then evaluated those same representations placed over a neutral background face (50% White; 50% Black). Image-based analyses show significant effects of culture and face ethnicity, but no interaction between the two factors. Western representations were more likely to be judged as expressing pain than African representations. For both cultural groups, raters also perceived more pain in White face representations than in Black face representations. However, when changing the background stimulus to the neutral background face, this effect of face ethnic profile disappeared. Overall, these results suggest that individuals have different expectations of how pain is expressed by Black and White individuals, and that cultural factors may explain a part of this phenomenon. © 2023 The Authors. British Journal of Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Psychological Society.