@article{corno_development_2024,

title = {Development of a visual-perceptual method to assess body image: A cross-cultural validation in Canadian and Spanish women},

author = {G. Corno and A. Paquette and D. Burychka and M. Miragall and M. -C. Rivard and R. M. Baños and S. Bouchard},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85189089793&doi=10.1002%2ferv.3086&partnerID=40&md5=99c221e60e3d5caad167cec6fd25dddd},

doi = {10.1002/erv.3086},

issn = {10724133 (ISSN)},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {European Eating Disorders Review},

abstract = {The objectives of this study were (a) to explore the preliminary cross-cultural validity of a visual-perceptual method to assess body image; (b) to examine potential differences and similarities in body image phenomena between women from two Western countries (i.e., Canada and Spain). 201 self-identified women participated in this cross-sectional study. Ideal, normal, and self-perceived body sizes were assessed using a visual-perceptual method, whereas body dissatisfaction was measured using both a visual-perceptual method and a questionnaire. Visual-perceptual body dissatisfaction was significantly correlated with questionnaire body dissatisfaction, suggesting a preliminary convergent validity between the two assessment methods. Women in both countries were dissatisfied with their bodies. Compared to their self-perceived body, all women chose a significantly thinner visual representation of their “normal” and ideal body. These results may suggest a shift towards the “thin” body as not only ideal, but also normative. This study provides the first evidence for the cross-cultural validity of a visual-perceptual body image assessment tool. The results of the current study confirm the presence of “normative discontent”, and suggest more cross-country similarities than differences among women from these two Western societies. © 2024 Eating Disorders Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},

note = {Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

keywords = {Adolescent, adult, analytic method, article, assessment, body dissatisfaction, body image, body image dissatisfaction, Body Size, Canada, Canadian, controlled study, convergent validity, correlation analysis, cross validation, cross-country, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, cultural anthropology, cultural factor, exploratory research, female, human, Humans, ideal body size, intermethod comparison, Middle Aged, normal body size, psychology, questionnaire, reproducibility, Reproducibility of Results, Self Concept, Spain, Spaniard, Surveys and Questionnaires, thin ideal, underweight, vision, Visual Perception, visual-perceptual method, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{cipolletta_validation_2024,

title = {Validation of the Italian Version of the Telepresence in Videoconference Scale (TVS) in a Sample of Psychologists and Psychotherapists During the COVID-19 Pandemic},

author = {S. Cipolletta and S. Tomaino and S. Bouchard and M. Berthiaume and G. Manzoni},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85195533802&doi=10.1002%2fcpp.3015&partnerID=40&md5=255de2597dc6747136150f331ae970ab},

doi = {10.1002/cpp.3015},

issn = {10633995 (ISSN)},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy},

volume = {31},

number = {3},

abstract = {Objective: Telepresence may play a fundamental role in establishing authentic interactions and relationships in online psychological interventions and can be measured by the Telepresence in Videoconference Scale (TVS), which was validated only with patients to date. This post hoc study aimed to validate the Italian version of the TVS with mental health professionals. Method: The Italian TVS was included in an online survey, whose primary aim was to assess the experiences of Italian psychologists and psychotherapists with online interventions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and was filled in by 296 participants (83.4% females, mean age = 42 years old). Results: Exploratory factor analysis supported the original factor structure only partially because the scale ‘Absorption’ (i.e., the feeling of losing track of time), as it was formulated, did not measure telepresence. Correlations were also explored between the TVS scales and some survey items pertaining to intimacy and emotional closeness to patients, comfort and positive as well as negative experiences with online interventions. Conclusion: The TVS may be a useful tool to measure physical and social telepresence in online interventions, both in patients and in professionals. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},

note = {Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

keywords = {adult, coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, female, human, Humans, Italy, male, Middle Aged, online psychological interventions, pandemic, Pandemics, procedures, psychology, Psychometrics, psychometry, psychotherapist, Psychotherapists, psychotherapy, questionnaire, reproducibility, Reproducibility of Results, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Surveys and Questionnaires, Telemedicine, telepresence, Validation, videoconference, videoconferencing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{baillot_factors_2023,

title = {Factors Associated with Excess Skin After Bariatric Surgery: a Mixed-Method Study},

author = {A. Baillot and J. Brunet and L. Lemelin and S. A. Gabriel and M. -F. Langlois and A. Tchernof and L. Biertho and R. Rabasa-Lhoret and P. Y. Garneau and A. Aimé and S. Bouchard and A. J. Romain and P. Bernard},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85163716815&doi=10.1007%2fs11695-023-06698-w&partnerID=40&md5=c86ee43b5f7daf6c350936d38944d013},

doi = {10.1007/s11695-023-06698-w},

issn = {09608923 (ISSN)},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Obesity Surgery},

volume = {33},

number = {8},

pages = {2324–2334},

abstract = {Purpose: After metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), many patients have excess skin (ES), which can cause inconveniences. Identifying factors related to ES quantity and inconveniences is crucial to inform interventions. The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic, physical, psychosocial, and behavioral factors associated with ES quantity and inconveniences. Materials and Methods: A mixed-method study with a sequential explanatory design was conducted with 124 adults (92% women, M age 46.5 ± 9.9 years, M time post-MBS 34.2 ± 27.6 months). During phase I, ES quantity (arms, abdomen, thighs) and inconveniences and sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical, and behavioral outcomes were assessed. In phase II, 7 focus groups were performed with 37 participants from phase I. A triangulation protocol was completed to identify convergences, complementarities, and dissonances from quantitative and qualitative data. Results: Quantitative data indicate only ES quantity on arms was associated with ES inconveniences on arms (r =.36, p <.01). Total ES quantity was associated with maximal body mass index (BMI) reached pre-MBS (r =.48, p <.05) and current BMI (r =.35, p <.05). Greater ES inconvenience was associated with higher social physique anxiety and age (R 2 =.50, p <.01). Qualitative data were summarized into 4 themes: psychosocial experiences living with ES, physical ailments due to ES, essential support and unmet needs, and beliefs of ES quantity causes. Conclusion: Measured ES quantity is related to higher BMI, but not reported inconveniences. Greater self-reported ES quantity and inconveniences were associated with body image concerns. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.},

note = {Publisher: Springer},

keywords = {adult, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, anthropometry, Anxiety, article, asthma, Bariatric Surgery, body dissatisfaction, body image, body mass, Body Mass Index, controlled study, dermatomycosis, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, employment status, excess skin, female, heart disease, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, household income, human, Humans, hypertension, major clinical study, male, Mental health, Middle Aged, Mixed methods, Morbid, morbid obesity, non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, obesity, physical activity, procedures, psychology, qualitative analysis, quality of life, quantitative analysis, sedentary time, skin irritation, skin malformation, sleep apnea syndromes, social psychology, Social Support, stria, sun exposure},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{belleville_efficacy_2023,

title = {Efficacy of a Therapist-Assisted Self-Help Internet-Based Intervention Targeting PTSD, Depression, and Insomnia Symptoms After a Disaster: A Randomized Controlled Trial},

author = {G. Belleville and M. -C. Ouellet and V. Békés and J. Lebel and C. M. Morin and S. Bouchard and S. Guay and N. Bergeron and S. Ghosh and T. Campbell and F. P. Macmaster},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85140981202&doi=10.1016%2fj.beth.2022.08.004&partnerID=40&md5=261383919bbdaa149ac0eeb6d3317fc0},

doi = {10.1016/j.beth.2022.08.004},

issn = {00057894 (ISSN)},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Behavior Therapy},

volume = {54},

number = {2},

pages = {230–246},

abstract = {This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of an online CBT intervention with limited therapist contact targeting a range of posttraumatic symptoms among evacuees from the 2016 Fort McMurray wildfires. One hundred and thirty-six residents of Fort McMurray who reported either moderate PTSD symptoms (PCL-5 ≥ 23) or mild PTSD symptoms (PCL-5 ≥ 10) with moderate depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) or subthreshold insomnia symptoms (ISI ≥ 8) were randomized either to a treatment (n = 69) or a waitlist condition (n = 67). Participants were on average 45 years old, and mostly identified as White (82%) and as women (76%). Primary outcomes were PTSD, depression, and insomnia symptoms. Secondary outcomes were anxiety symptoms and disability. Significant Assessment Time × Treatment Condition interactions were observed on all outcomes, indicating that access to the treatment led to a decrease in posttraumatic stress (F[1,117.04] = 12.128},

note = {Publisher: Elsevier Inc.},

keywords = {adult, Anxiety, article, clinical effectiveness, clinical feature, cognitive behavioral therapy, controlled study, Depression, disaster, Disasters, disease severity, e-mental health, female, human, Humans, insomnia, Internet-Based Intervention, major clinical study, male, Middle Aged, natural disaster, physical disability, Post-Traumatic, posttraumatic stress disorder, psychotherapist, PTSD, randomized controlled trial, risk factor, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Stress Disorders, telepsychotherapy, treatment outcome, wildfire},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{le_du_new_2023,

title = {A New Option for Pain Prevention Using a Therapeutic Virtual Reality Solution for Bone Marrow Biopsy (REVEH Trial): Open-Label, Randomized, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study},

author = {K. Le Du and A. -L. Septans and F. Maloisel and H. Vanquaethem and A. Schmitt and M. Le Goff and A. Clavert and M. Zinger and H. Bourgeois and O. Dupuis and F. Denis and S. Bouchard},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148250546&doi=10.2196%2f38619&partnerID=40&md5=e27bfbd3d4c42f8850daf70bdf60b384},

doi = {10.2196/38619},

issn = {14388871 (ISSN)},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},

volume = {25},

abstract = {Background: Evidence regarding the analgesic effect of distraction through immersion in virtual reality (VR) for care-induced pain has been documented in several phase 2 trials, but comparison with standard treatments in large, randomized studies is needed. Objective: In this open-label, multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel VR therapy solution for distraction in the context of bone marrow biopsy. Methods: Bliss is a VR software with 4 imaginary interactive environments in 3 dimensions with binaural sound (head-mounted display). Efficacy regarding pain intensity was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS; score from 0 to 10) immediately after the biopsy. Secondary end points were anxiety and tolerance. Modified intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results: Overall, 126 patients with previously documented untreated or suspected malignant hemopathy between September 6, 2018, and May 18, 2020, were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive pain prevention with a mixture of nitrous oxide/oxygen (MEOPA; n=63) or VR (n=63) before and during the bone marrow biopsy. We excluded 8 patients from the final analysis (3 in the MEOPA group and 5 in the VR group). All patients received local anesthesia (lidocaine) before biopsy. Follow-up was limited to 1 month after the biopsy. Participants' median age was 65.5 (range 18-87) years, and 54.2% (64/118) of patients were male. The average pain intensity was 3.5 (SD 2.6, 95% CI -1.6 to 8.6) for the MEOPA group and 3.0 (SD 2.4, 95% CI -1.7 to 7.7) for the VR group, without any significant differences in age, sex, center, and hemopathy (P=.26). Concerning anxiety, 67.5% (79/117; fear of pain questionnaire) of the patients were afraid before the biopsy, and anxiety scores were moderate to very high in 26.3% (30/114; revised Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire) of the patients before the biopsy and 9.0% (10/114) after the biopsy for all patients, without a significant difference between the 2 groups (P=.83). Immersion in VR was well tolerated by the majority (54/57, 95%) of patients in the VR group. Conclusions: The intensity of pain did not significantly differ between both arms. VR was well tolerated, and the satisfaction of patients, nurses, and physicians was very high. VR could be an alternative treatment in case of contraindication or intolerance to MEOPA. © 2023 Journal of Medical Internet Research. All rights reserved.},

note = {Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.},

keywords = {80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, alprazolam, Anxiety, article, Biopsy, blood pressure measurement, Bone Marrow, bone marrow biopsy, clinical trial, controlled study, demographics, digital health, digital therapeutics, Distraction, Effectiveness, efficacy, eHealth, female, follow up, head-mounted display, hematologic disease, human, human tissue, Humans, hypertension, imagery, imaginary, imagination, Immersive environment, Intention to Treat Analysis, interactive environment, leukemia, lidocaine, local anesthesia, lymphoma, major clinical study, male, medical procedure, Meopa, Middle Aged, monoclonal immunoglobulinemia, multicenter study, myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloma, myeloproliferative disorder, myeloproliferative neoplasm, nitrous oxide plus oxygen, open study, Pain, pain intensity, pain measurement, paracetamol, phase 3 clinical trial, prospective study, questionnaire, randomized controlled trial, RCT, relaxation training, safety, satisfaction, solid malignant neoplasm, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, very elderly, virtual reality, visual analog scale, VR, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{savard_efficacy_2021,

title = {Efficacy of a stepped care approach to deliver cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia in cancer patients: A noninferiority randomized controlled trial},

author = {J. Savard and H. Ivers and M. -H. Savard and C. M. Morin and A. Caplette-Gingras and S. Bouchard and G. Lacroix},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85121217599&doi=10.1093%2fsleep%2fzsab166&partnerID=40&md5=8c3390082d345b725c47465f96bb8e44},

doi = {10.1093/sleep/zsab166},

issn = {01618105 (ISSN)},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Sleep},

volume = {44},

number = {11},

abstract = {Study Objectives: Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the recommended first-line treatment for cancer-related insomnia, but its accessibility is very limited in routine care. A stepped care approach has been recommended as a cost-effective way to make CBT-I more widely accessible. However, no controlled study has yet been published about the efficacy of this approach. The goal of this noninferiority randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to compare the short and long-term efficacy of a stepped care CBT-I (StepCBT-I) to a standard face-to-face CBT-I (StanCBT-I). Methods: A total of 177 cancer patients were randomized to: (1) StanCBT-I (6 face-to-face CBT-I sessions; n = 59) or (2) StepCBT-I (n = 118). In the StepCBT-I group, patients with less severe insomnia first received a web-based CBT-I (n = 65), while those with more severe insomnia received 6 face-to-face CBT-I sessions (n = 53). In both cases, patients could receive up to three booster sessions of CBT-I if they still had insomnia symptoms following this first step. Results: Results indicated that the Step-CBT-I group showed an Insomnia Severity Index score reduction and a sleep efficiency (on a sleep diary) increase that was not significantly inferior to that of StanCBT-I at all post-treatment time points. Analyses of secondary outcomes indicated significant time effects (ps <. 001) and no significant group-by-time interactions (ps from. 07 to. 91) on other sleep diary parameters, sleep medication use, depression, anxiety, fatigue, and quality of life scores. Conclusion(s): The efficacy of stepped care CBT-I is not inferior to that of a standard face-to-face intervention and is a valuable approach to making this treatment more widely accessible to cancer patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01864720 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01864720?term=Savard&draw=2&rank=6; Stepped Care Model for the Wider Dissemination of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia Among Cancer Patients). © 2021 Sleep Research Society 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Sleep Research Society.},

note = {Publisher: Oxford University Press},

keywords = {adult, Anxiety, Anxiety disorder, cancer, cancer diagnosis, cancer patient, cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive-behavioral therapy, comparative study, complication, controlled study, cost effectiveness analysis, Depression, disease severity, drug use, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30, fatigue, female, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, human, Humans, insomnia, Insomnia Severity Index, long term care, major clinical study, male, malignant neoplasm, Middle Aged, Montreal cognitive assessment, neoplasm, Neoplasms, outcome assessment, procedures, psychotropic agent, quality of life, randomized controlled trial, remission, review, Self Care, short course therapy, sleep, sleep efficiency, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, sleep pattern, stepped care, stepped care approach, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders, therapy effect, treatment outcome, web-based intervention},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{canale_probing_2019,

title = {Probing gambling urge as a state construct: Evidence from a sample of community gamblers},

author = {N. Canale and A. Cornil and I. Giroux and S. Bouchard and J. Billieux},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85059626617&doi=10.1037%2fadb0000438&partnerID=40&md5=7d3a08b0815d09db467360f3a385f57d},

doi = {10.1037/adb0000438},

issn = {0893164X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Psychology of Addictive Behaviors},

volume = {33},

number = {2},

pages = {154–161},

abstract = {Little effort has been made to systematically test the psychometric properties of the Gambling Craving Scale (GACS; Young & Wohl, 2009). The GACS is adapted from the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (Tiffany & Drobes, 1991) and thus measures gambling-related urge. Crucially, the validation of scales assessing gambling urge is complex because this construct is better conceptualized as a state (a transient and contextdetermined phenomenon). In the present study, we tested the psychometric properties of the French version of the GACS with 2 independent samples of community gamblers following an induction procedure delivered through an audio-guided imagery sequence aimed at promoting gambling urge. This procedure was specifically used to ensure the assessment of gambling urge as a state variable. Participants also completed measures of gambling severity, gambling cognitions and motives, impulsivity, and affect. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the original 3-factor solution (anticipation, desire, relief) did not fit the data well. Additional exploratory factor analysis suggested instead a 2-factor solution: An intention and desire to gamble dimension and a relief dimension. The factorial structure resulting from the exploratory factor analysis was tested with confirmatory factor analysis in a second independent sample, resulting in an acceptable fit. The 2 dimensions presented good internal reliability and correlated differentially with the other study's variables. The current study showed that, similar to what has been reported for substance-related urges, gambling urges are adequately probed with a bidimensional model. The findings suggest that the French GACS has good psychometric properties, legitimizing its use in research and clinical practice. © 2019 American Psychological Association.},

note = {Publisher: Educational Publishing Foundation},

keywords = {Adolescent, adult, aged, anticipation, article, case report, clinical article, clinical practice, confirmatory factor analysis, craving, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, devices, Diagnosis, exploratory factor analysis, Factor Analysis, female, Gambling, guided imagery, human, Humans, impulsiveness, male, Middle Aged, procedures, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, psychological rating scale, Psychometrics, psychometry, reliability, reproducibility, Reproducibility of Results, Statistical, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{quintana_effect_2019,

title = {The effect of exposure to fear-related body odorants on anxiety and interpersonal trust toward a virtual character},

author = {P. Quintana and K. Nolet and O. Baus and S. Bouchard},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074305238&doi=10.1093%2fchemse%2fbjz063&partnerID=40&md5=50ec319370e1688498abfa845c7ec343},

doi = {10.1093/chemse/bjz063},

issn = {0379864X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Senses},

volume = {44},

number = {9},

pages = {683–692},

abstract = {A growing body of literature documents how exposure to another person's fear-related body odorants can increase one's own anxiety and interfere with processing of social information, such as facial expression and impression formation. Building on these results, we aimed to 1) test the hypothesis that exposure to fear-related odorant would affect impression formation through fear contagion and 2) verify whether these effects can be observed in an ecologically valid (i.e., virtual) environment. We proposed that exposure to fear-related odorant would cause receivers to feel more anxious, which in turn would lead them to report less trust toward an unknown virtual character. This study had 2 distinct phases. First, we collected perspiration odorants from the armpits of 12 male senders (i.e., the source of the odorant) during the viewing of either fear or joy inducing film clips. In the second phase, 53 women receivers were exposed to either a fear, joy, or neutral odorant (i.e., between-subjects design) by breathing through a gauze attached to a disposable respirator mask while immersed in a virtual bar. As expected, receivers exposed to fear odorants felt significantly more stressed. Mediation analysis also revealed an indirect effect of exposure on trust through anxiety. More specifically, the more anxious the receiver felt, the less she trusted the virtual character. Our results show for the first time that the impact of exposure to fear-related body odorants on negative interpersonal impression formation is mediated by the anxiety induced in the receiver. © 2019 The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.},

note = {Publisher: Oxford University Press},

keywords = {adult, Anxiety, article, body odor, body odorant, chemistry, controlled study, emotion, Emotions, exposure, Fear, female, fragrance, happiness, human, human experiment, Humans, male, metabolism, Middle Aged, odor, Odorants, pathology, Pleasure, priority journal, Sweat, sweating, Trust, unclassified drug, virtual reality, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{guitard_exposure_2019,

title = {Exposure to a standardized catastrophic scenario in virtual reality or a personalized scenario in imagination for Generalized Anxiety Disorder},

author = {T. Guitard and S. Bouchard and C. Bélanger and M. Berthiaume},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073896961&doi=10.3390%2fjcm8030309&partnerID=40&md5=b80f2e6602416c35dd8e36fd8b19c803},

doi = {10.3390/jcm8030309},

issn = {20770383 (ISSN)},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},

volume = {8},

number = {3},

abstract = {The cognitive behavioral treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often involves exposing patients to a catastrophic scenario depicting their most feared worry. The aim of this study was to examine whether a standardized scenario recreated in virtual reality (VR) would elicit anxiety and negative affect and how it compared to the traditional method of imagining a personalized catastrophic scenario. A sample of 28 participants were first exposed to a neutral non-catastrophic scenario and then to a personalized scenario in imagination or a standardized virtual scenario presented in a counterbalanced order. The participants completed questionnaires before and after each immersion. The results suggest that the standardized virtual scenario induced significant anxiety. No difference was found when comparing exposure to the standardized scenario in VR and exposure to the personalized scenario in imagination. These findings were specific to anxiety and not to the broader measure of negative affect. Individual differences in susceptibility to feel present in VR was a significant predictor of increase in anxiety and negative affect. Future research could use these scenarios to conduct a randomized control trial to test the efficacy and cost/benefits of using VR in the treatment of GAD. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {Publisher: MDPI},

keywords = {adult, anxiety assessment, article, avoidance behavior, clinical article, cognitive avoidance questionnaire, cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive exposure, disease severity, DSM-IV, Exposure in virtual reality, fatigue, female, gatineau presence questionnaire, generalized anxiety disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), human, human experiment, imagination, immersive tendencies questionnaire, Likert scale, male, Middle Aged, mini international neuropsychiatric interview, penn state worry questionnaire, Personalized scenario, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Presence Questionnaire, psychotherapy, questionnaire, Simulator Sickness Questionnaire, Standardized scenario, task performance, test retest reliability, time series analysis, virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{fernandez-alvarez_deterioration_2019,

title = {Deterioration rates in Virtual Reality Therapy: An individual patient data level meta-analysis},

author = {J. Fernández-Álvarez and A. Rozental and P. Carlbring and D. Colombo and G. Riva and P. L. Anderson and R. M. Baños and A. A. Benbow and S. Bouchard and J. M. Bretón-López and G. Cárdenas and J. Difede and P. Emmelkamp and A. García-Palacios and V. Guillén and H. Hoffman and I. Kampann and R. Moldovan and A. Mühlberger and M. North and P. Pauli and W. Peñate Castro and S. Quero and M. Tortella-Feliu and K. Wyka and C. Botella},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85050381788&doi=10.1016%2fj.janxdis.2018.06.005&partnerID=40&md5=012fdcaa9b8676314cbf22c52c91135b},

doi = {10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.06.005},

issn = {08876185 (ISSN)},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Anxiety Disorders},

volume = {61},

pages = {3–17},

abstract = {Ample evidence supports the use of Virtual Reality (VR) for anxiety disorders. Nonetheless, currently there is no evidence about moderators or potential negative effects of VR treatment strategies. An Individual Patient Data (IPD) approach was employed with 15 retrieved datasets. The current study sample was composed of 810 patients. Randomized control trials (RCTs) for each primary outcome measure were performed, in addition to moderator analyses of the socio-demographic variables. Deterioration rates were 14 patients (4.0%) in VR, 8 (2.8%) in active control conditions, and 27 (15%) in the WL condition. With regard to receiving treatment, patients in a waiting list control condition had greater odds of deteriorating than in the two active conditions, odds ratios (ORs) 4.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.05, 0.67]. In the case of the socio-demographic variables, none of them were associated with higher or lower odds of deterioration, with the exception of marital status in the WL condition; married people presented a significantly lower probability of deterioration, OR 0.19, 95% CI [0.05, 0.67]. Finally, when comparing pooled effects of VR versus all control conditions, the OR was 0.61 (95% CI 0.31–1.23) in favor of VR, although this result was not statistically significant. This study provides evidence about the deterioration rates of a therapeutic VR approach, showing that the number of deteriorated patients coincides with other therapeutic approaches, and that deterioration is less likely to occur, compared to patients in WL control groups. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {Publisher: Elsevier Ltd},

keywords = {Adolescent, adult, aged, Anxiety disorder, Anxiety Disorders, article, demography, deterioration, Deterioration rates, disease association, female, human, Humans, Individual patient data analysis, male, marriage, meta analysis, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, outcome assessment, Probability, psychology, randomized controlled trial (topic), social status, virtual reality, virtual reality exposure therapy, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}