@article{guitard_exposure_2019,

title = {Exposure to a standardized catastrophic scenario in virtual reality or a personalized scenario in imagination for Generalized Anxiety Disorder},

author = {T. Guitard and S. Bouchard and C. Bélanger and M. Berthiaume},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073896961&doi=10.3390%2fjcm8030309&partnerID=40&md5=b80f2e6602416c35dd8e36fd8b19c803},

doi = {10.3390/jcm8030309},

issn = {20770383 (ISSN)},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},

volume = {8},

number = {3},

abstract = {The cognitive behavioral treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often involves exposing patients to a catastrophic scenario depicting their most feared worry. The aim of this study was to examine whether a standardized scenario recreated in virtual reality (VR) would elicit anxiety and negative affect and how it compared to the traditional method of imagining a personalized catastrophic scenario. A sample of 28 participants were first exposed to a neutral non-catastrophic scenario and then to a personalized scenario in imagination or a standardized virtual scenario presented in a counterbalanced order. The participants completed questionnaires before and after each immersion. The results suggest that the standardized virtual scenario induced significant anxiety. No difference was found when comparing exposure to the standardized scenario in VR and exposure to the personalized scenario in imagination. These findings were specific to anxiety and not to the broader measure of negative affect. Individual differences in susceptibility to feel present in VR was a significant predictor of increase in anxiety and negative affect. Future research could use these scenarios to conduct a randomized control trial to test the efficacy and cost/benefits of using VR in the treatment of GAD. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {Publisher: MDPI},

keywords = {adult, anxiety assessment, article, avoidance behavior, clinical article, cognitive avoidance questionnaire, cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive exposure, disease severity, DSM-IV, Exposure in virtual reality, fatigue, female, gatineau presence questionnaire, generalized anxiety disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), human, human experiment, imagination, immersive tendencies questionnaire, Likert scale, male, Middle Aged, mini international neuropsychiatric interview, penn state worry questionnaire, Personalized scenario, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Presence Questionnaire, psychotherapy, questionnaire, Simulator Sickness Questionnaire, Standardized scenario, task performance, test retest reliability, time series analysis, virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{aime_reactivity_2009,

title = {Reactivity to VR immersions in women with weight and shape concerns},

author = {A. Aimé and K. Cotton and S. Bouchard},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79960447464&partnerID=40&md5=2984dee26fb2f85fe4b242bfcf05a9c1},

issn = {17849934},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Cyber Therapy and Rehabilitation},

volume = {2},

number = {2},

pages = {115–126},

abstract = {Although virtual reality (VR) is a promising exposure technique for people suffering from an eating disorder, it had not been used with women who show significant but subclinical concerns with their weight and shape. Twenty-seven women took part in three immersions in VR (10 concerned and 17 non-concerned). Measures of anxiety were taken before, during and after the immersions. Weight, shape and food concerns, drive for thinness and body dissatisfactions were measured immediately after the immersions. Compared to the neutral environment, the buffet and pool immersions caused a significantly higher level of anxiety and weight preoccupations among the women who were concerned than among those who weren't. The study conclude VR is effective through the continuum of eating disorders. Not only does it arouse reactions within people suffering from an eating disorder, but also among women concerned by their weight and shape. © Virtual Reality Medical Institute.},

keywords = {adult, Anxiety, article, Beck Depression Inventory, body build, body image, body weight, computer program, controlled study, Eating Attitude Test 26, eating disorder inventory, feeding behavior, female, human, human experiment, named inventories, normal human, One Item Rating of Anxiety, Presence Questionnaire, questionnaires and rating scales, Self Concept, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}