Slide
Centre Interdisciplinaire
de Recherche et d’Innovation
en Cybersécurité et Société
de Recherche et d’Innovation
en Cybersécurité et Société
1.
Maneuvrier, A.; Ceyte, H.; Renaud, P.; Morello, R.; Fleury, P.; Decker, L. M.
Virtual reality and neuropsychological assessment: an analysis of human factors influencing performance and perceived mental effort Article de journal
Dans: Virtual Reality, vol. 27, no 2, p. 849–861, 2023, ISSN: 13594338, (Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH).
Résumé | Liens | BibTeX | Étiquettes: Cluster Analysis, cybersickness, Executive control of attention, Field dependence, Field dependence–independence, Game experience, Human computer interaction, Human engineering, Interactive computer graphics, Mental effort, Sense of presences, Video game experience, Video-games, virtual reality, WISCONSIN
@article{maneuvrier_virtual_2023,
title = {Virtual reality and neuropsychological assessment: an analysis of human factors influencing performance and perceived mental effort},
author = {A. Maneuvrier and H. Ceyte and P. Renaud and R. Morello and P. Fleury and L. M. Decker},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85138552678&doi=10.1007%2fs10055-022-00698-4&partnerID=40&md5=631390bbdefb4b05de9565fb986e1923},
doi = {10.1007/s10055-022-00698-4},
issn = {13594338},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Virtual Reality},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {849–861},
abstract = {This study aimed to compare a neuropsychological test tapping into executive control function, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), performed in either traditional paper-and-pencil (PP) or virtual reality (VR) modality, and to determine the role of human factors (i.e., sense of presence, cybersickness, field (in)dependence and video game experience) as contributors to performance and perceived mental effort. Indeed, if virtual assessment might bring the ecological dimension to controlled laboratory research, it is often suggested that human factors might bias performance. WCST performance and its associated perceived mental effort were compared between the two modalities (N = 107). In the VR modality (N = 52), a correlation matrix was conducted as well as a cluster analysis in order to build two experimental groups, or profiles, based on their subjective experience of VR. WCST performance and perceived mental effort were then compared between these two groups while controlling for age and education. Results outlined a similar WCST performance and perceived mental effort between the PP and VR modalities. However, when comparing the two VR groups, results suggest that an unfavorable profile for VR, i.e., less sense of presence, more cybersickness, more visual field dependence and less video game experience, is associated with greater perceived mental effort. These experimental findings enable outlining a new conceptual and methodological framework for the assessment of executive control task performance in VR. Results could help users to take human factors into consideration in order to fully exploit or predict the benefits of this tool. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.},
note = {Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},
keywords = {Cluster Analysis, cybersickness, Executive control of attention, Field dependence, Field dependence–independence, Game experience, Human computer interaction, Human engineering, Interactive computer graphics, Mental effort, Sense of presences, Video game experience, Video-games, virtual reality, WISCONSIN},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study aimed to compare a neuropsychological test tapping into executive control function, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), performed in either traditional paper-and-pencil (PP) or virtual reality (VR) modality, and to determine the role of human factors (i.e., sense of presence, cybersickness, field (in)dependence and video game experience) as contributors to performance and perceived mental effort. Indeed, if virtual assessment might bring the ecological dimension to controlled laboratory research, it is often suggested that human factors might bias performance. WCST performance and its associated perceived mental effort were compared between the two modalities (N = 107). In the VR modality (N = 52), a correlation matrix was conducted as well as a cluster analysis in order to build two experimental groups, or profiles, based on their subjective experience of VR. WCST performance and perceived mental effort were then compared between these two groups while controlling for age and education. Results outlined a similar WCST performance and perceived mental effort between the PP and VR modalities. However, when comparing the two VR groups, results suggest that an unfavorable profile for VR, i.e., less sense of presence, more cybersickness, more visual field dependence and less video game experience, is associated with greater perceived mental effort. These experimental findings enable outlining a new conceptual and methodological framework for the assessment of executive control task performance in VR. Results could help users to take human factors into consideration in order to fully exploit or predict the benefits of this tool. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
2.
Baus, O.; Bouchard, S.; Nolet, K.
Exposure to a pleasant odour may increase the sense of reality, but not the sense of presence or realism Article de journal
Dans: Behaviour and Information Technology, vol. 38, no 12, p. 1369–1378, 2019, ISSN: 0144929X (ISSN), (Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd.).
Résumé | Liens | BibTeX | Étiquettes: adult, Ambient air, apple, article, cinnamon, female, follow up, Fruits, human, human experiment, human tissue, male, nonhuman, odor, Odors, Odours, Olfaction, Presence, Realism, Reality, Sense of presences, urine, virtual reality, Visual scene
@article{baus_exposure_2019,
title = {Exposure to a pleasant odour may increase the sense of reality, but not the sense of presence or realism},
author = {O. Baus and S. Bouchard and K. Nolet},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062948876&doi=10.1080%2f0144929X.2019.1590458&partnerID=40&md5=b9a2badea1774db4c07a5d9b256614d3},
doi = {10.1080/0144929X.2019.1590458},
issn = {0144929X (ISSN)},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Behaviour and Information Technology},
volume = {38},
number = {12},
pages = {1369–1378},
abstract = {Smell can increase the sense of presence, reality, and realism when exposed in a virtual environment. This effect has been found to be increased when the nature of the odour is concordant visually with the scene, i.e. exposure to an unpleasant odour in a filthy virtual kitchen. The objective of this project was to verify whether this effect could be generalised to pleasant odours. Participants were immersed in a virtual apartment with a kitchen where the visual scene suggested that cinnamon apple pies had recently been baked. Participants were randomly and blindly assigned to three conditions: exposition to the ambient air, to a pleasant odour of cinnamon apple pie, or an unpleasant odour of urine. The results indicated that while exposure to the visually concordant pleasant odour did increase the sense of reality in a statistically significant manner, it did not affect the sense of presence or realism. Results also suggested that the visual/olfactory concordance may have facilitated the detection of the pleasant odour. The potential implications of the results, potential explanations for the lack of effect on the sense of presence, as well as potential follow-up research projects are discussed. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
note = {Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
keywords = {adult, Ambient air, apple, article, cinnamon, female, follow up, Fruits, human, human experiment, human tissue, male, nonhuman, odor, Odors, Odours, Olfaction, Presence, Realism, Reality, Sense of presences, urine, virtual reality, Visual scene},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Smell can increase the sense of presence, reality, and realism when exposed in a virtual environment. This effect has been found to be increased when the nature of the odour is concordant visually with the scene, i.e. exposure to an unpleasant odour in a filthy virtual kitchen. The objective of this project was to verify whether this effect could be generalised to pleasant odours. Participants were immersed in a virtual apartment with a kitchen where the visual scene suggested that cinnamon apple pies had recently been baked. Participants were randomly and blindly assigned to three conditions: exposition to the ambient air, to a pleasant odour of cinnamon apple pie, or an unpleasant odour of urine. The results indicated that while exposure to the visually concordant pleasant odour did increase the sense of reality in a statistically significant manner, it did not affect the sense of presence or realism. Results also suggested that the visual/olfactory concordance may have facilitated the detection of the pleasant odour. The potential implications of the results, potential explanations for the lack of effect on the sense of presence, as well as potential follow-up research projects are discussed. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
3.
Baus, O.; Bouchard, S.
Exposure to an unpleasant odour increases the sense of Presence in virtual reality Article de journal
Dans: Virtual Reality, vol. 21, no 2, p. 59–74, 2017, ISSN: 13594338 (ISSN), (Publisher: Springer London).
Résumé | Liens | BibTeX | Étiquettes: Detection rates, Odors, Odours, Olfaction, Olfactory cues, Potential exposure, Presence, Realism, Reality, Sense of presences, Software engineering, virtual reality
@article{baus_exposure_2017,
title = {Exposure to an unpleasant odour increases the sense of Presence in virtual reality},
author = {O. Baus and S. Bouchard},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020673524&doi=10.1007%2fs10055-016-0299-3&partnerID=40&md5=1395285889286214de4d258031f4d9f5},
doi = {10.1007/s10055-016-0299-3},
issn = {13594338 (ISSN)},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Virtual Reality},
volume = {21},
number = {2},
pages = {59–74},
abstract = {While olfactory cues affect the everyday human experience in the physical world, few studies have empirically examined the effect they could have on the human experience in virtual reality (VR). This project’s goal was to determine whether the exposure to olfactory stimuli would affect the senses of Presence (primary measure), Reality and Realism (exploratory measures) in VR. In a virtual kitchen devoid of obvious visual cues linking the visual scene to an odour, three groups of 20 randomly assigned participants (12 females and 8 males per group), unaware of the potential exposure to olfactory stimuli, were exposed to either ambient air, a pleasant odour, or an unpleasant odour. The results reveal that the unpleasant odour had a statistically significant effect on the sense of Presence (as measured by repeated brief measures of Presence and the Independent Television Commission Sense of Presence Inventory), but the pleasant one did not. The lower perceived intensity of the pleasant odour may have contributed to its lower detection rate which, in turn, may have contributed to the pleasant odour’s lack of effect on the sense of Presence. Neither of the olfactory stimuli had an effect on either the sense of Reality or the sense of Realism. © 2016, Springer-Verlag London.},
note = {Publisher: Springer London},
keywords = {Detection rates, Odors, Odours, Olfaction, Olfactory cues, Potential exposure, Presence, Realism, Reality, Sense of presences, Software engineering, virtual reality},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
While olfactory cues affect the everyday human experience in the physical world, few studies have empirically examined the effect they could have on the human experience in virtual reality (VR). This project’s goal was to determine whether the exposure to olfactory stimuli would affect the senses of Presence (primary measure), Reality and Realism (exploratory measures) in VR. In a virtual kitchen devoid of obvious visual cues linking the visual scene to an odour, three groups of 20 randomly assigned participants (12 females and 8 males per group), unaware of the potential exposure to olfactory stimuli, were exposed to either ambient air, a pleasant odour, or an unpleasant odour. The results reveal that the unpleasant odour had a statistically significant effect on the sense of Presence (as measured by repeated brief measures of Presence and the Independent Television Commission Sense of Presence Inventory), but the pleasant one did not. The lower perceived intensity of the pleasant odour may have contributed to its lower detection rate which, in turn, may have contributed to the pleasant odour’s lack of effect on the sense of Presence. Neither of the olfactory stimuli had an effect on either the sense of Reality or the sense of Realism. © 2016, Springer-Verlag London.