@article{bouchard_using_2012,

title = {Using biofeedback while immersed in a stressful videogame increases the effectiveness of stress management skills in soldiers},

author = {S. Bouchard and F. Bernier and E. Boivin and B. Morin and G. Robillard},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84860485827&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0036169&partnerID=40&md5=4b29a984169d2fe12d54f4c562344723},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0036169},

issn = {19326203},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {PLoS ONE},

volume = {7},

number = {4},

abstract = {This study assessed the efficacy of using visual and auditory biofeedback while immersed in a tridimensional videogame to practice a stress management skill (tactical breathing). All 41 participants were soldiers who had previously received basic stress management training and first aid training in combat. On the first day, they received a 15-minute refresher briefing and were randomly assigned to either: (a) no additional stress management training (SMT) for three days, or (b) 30-minute sessions (one per day for three days) of biofeedback-assisted SMT while immersed in a horror/first-person shooter game. The training was performed in a dark and enclosed environment using a 50-inch television with active stereoscopic display and loudspeakers. On the last day, all participants underwent a live simulated ambush with an improvised explosive device, where they had to provide first aid to a wounded soldier. Stress levels were measured with salivary cortisol collected when waking-up, before and after the live simulation. Stress was also measured with heart rate at baseline, during an apprehension phase, and during the live simulation. Repeated-measure ANOVAs and ANCOVAs confirmed that practicing SMT was effective in reducing stress. Results are discussed in terms of the advantages of the proposed program for military personnel and the need to practice SMT. © 2012 Bouchard et al.},

keywords = {adult, Arousal, article, Biofeedback, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, explosion, feedback system, first aid, Heart Rate, human, human experiment, Humans, Hydrocortisone, male, mental stress, metabolism, methodology, Military Personnel, military phenomena, normal human, pathophysiology, Psychological, psychological aspect, psychology, Psychophysiology, randomized controlled trial, recreation, Saliva, saliva level, simulation, soldier, Stress, Stress management, Video Games},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{stetz_effectiveness_2011,

title = {The effectiveness of Technology-Enhanced relaxation techniques for military medical warriors},

author = {M. C. Stetz and J. Y. Kaloi-Chen and D. D. Turner and S. Bouchard and G. Riva and B. K. Wiederhold},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80052455147&doi=10.7205%2fMILMED-D-10-00393&partnerID=40&md5=dce993c0b65bb351edd74816a0d65450},

doi = {10.7205/MILMED-D-10-00393},

issn = {00264075},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Military Medicine},

volume = {176},

number = {9},

pages = {1065–1070},

abstract = {Combat zones can be very stressful for those in the area. Even in the battlefi eld, military medical personnel are expected to save others, while also staying alive. In this study, half of a sample of deployed military medical warriors (total n = 60) participated in technology-assisted relaxation training. Learning relaxation skills with a video clip of virtual reality relaxing scenes showed a statistically signifi cant impact on the anxiety levels of the Experimental Group. © Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S. All rights reserved.},

note = {Publisher: Association of Military Surgeons of the US},

keywords = {adult, Anxiety, article, clinical trial, computer interface, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, female, human, Humans, male, mental stress, methodology, Military Personnel, Psychological, psychological aspect, questionnaire, Questionnaires, randomized controlled trial, Relaxation Therapy, relaxation training, soldier, Stress, User-Computer Interface, Video recording, videorecording},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bouchard_selection_2010,

title = {Selection of key stressors to develop virtual environments for practicing stress management skills with military personnel prior to deployment},

author = {S. Bouchard and O. Baus and F. Bernier and D. R. McCreary},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77949747153&doi=10.1089%2fcyber.2009.0336&partnerID=40&md5=a749516b35e3719166bd312552f3697e},

doi = {10.1089/cyber.2009.0336},

issn = {21522715},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking},

volume = {13},

number = {1},

pages = {83–94},

abstract = {Virtual environments (VEs) are presently being used to treat military personnel suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In an attempt to reduce the risk of PTSD, VEs may also be useful for stress management training (SMT) to practice skills under stress, but such use necessitates the development of relevant stress-inducing scenarios and storyboards. This article describes the procedures followed to select which VEs could be built for the Canadian Forces. A review and analysis of the available literature and of data collected postdeployment from 1,319 respondents on the frequency of stressors and their association with psychological injuries were pulled together to propose eight potential virtual stressors that can be used to practice SMT: seeing dead bodies or uncovering human remains; knowing someone being seriously injured or killed; receiving artillery fire; being unable to help ill or wounded civilians because of the rules of engagement; seeing destroyed homes and villages; clearing and searching homes, caves, or bunkers; receiving small-arms fire; and participating in demining operations. Information reported in this article could also be useful to document traumatic stressors experienced in theater of operations and their potential impact on psychological injuries. © Copyright 2010, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2010.},

keywords = {Adaptation, adaptive behavior, article, behavior therapy, computer interface, Computer Simulation, human, Humans, mental stress, Military Personnel, Psychological, psychological aspect, soldier, Stress, User-Computer Interface},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{stetz_receptiveness_2009,

title = {The receptiveness of stress management techniques by military personnel},

author = {M. C. Stetz and S. Bouchard and B. K. Wiederhold and G. Riva and R. A. Folen},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77949756841&partnerID=40&md5=bc79a1859b04215c00beaa9b43be8011},

doi = {10.3233/978-1-60750-017-9-125},

issn = {15548716},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Annual Review of CyberTherapy and Telemedicine},

volume = {7},

number = {1},

pages = {125–127},

abstract = {Many military service members suffer from stress. Sixty Soldiers participated in a study designed to test receptivity to stress management techniques. Preliminary analyses of surveys and a focus group suggested that participants not only liked practicing relaxation techniques but would also continue practicing these after completion of the present study.},

note = {ISBN: 9781607500179 

Publisher: IOS Press},

keywords = {adult, article, controlled study, Counseling, emotion, Emotions, female, Focus groups, human, Human resource management, Humans, Industrial management, major clinical study, male, mental stress, Military Personnel, Military personnels, Military services, perception, Preliminary analysis, Psychological, questionnaire, Relaxation techniques, relaxation training, soldier, Stress, Stress management, Surveys, Surveys and Questionnaires, technique, virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}