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Centre Interdisciplinaire
de Recherche et d’Innovation
en Cybersécurité et Société
de Recherche et d’Innovation
en Cybersécurité et Société
1.
Canale, N.; Cornil, A.; Giroux, I.; Bouchard, S.; Billieux, J.
Probing gambling urge as a state construct: Evidence from a sample of community gamblers Article de journal
Dans: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, vol. 33, no 2, p. 154–161, 2019, ISSN: 0893164X, (Publisher: Educational Publishing Foundation).
Résumé | Liens | BibTeX | Étiquettes: Adolescent, adult, aged, anticipation, article, case report, clinical article, clinical practice, confirmatory factor analysis, craving, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, devices, Diagnosis, exploratory factor analysis, Factor Analysis, female, Gambling, guided imagery, human, Humans, impulsiveness, male, Middle Aged, procedures, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, psychological rating scale, Psychometrics, psychometry, reliability, reproducibility, Reproducibility of Results, Statistical, Young Adult
@article{canale_probing_2019,
title = {Probing gambling urge as a state construct: Evidence from a sample of community gamblers},
author = {N. Canale and A. Cornil and I. Giroux and S. Bouchard and J. Billieux},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85059626617&doi=10.1037%2fadb0000438&partnerID=40&md5=7d3a08b0815d09db467360f3a385f57d},
doi = {10.1037/adb0000438},
issn = {0893164X},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Psychology of Addictive Behaviors},
volume = {33},
number = {2},
pages = {154–161},
abstract = {Little effort has been made to systematically test the psychometric properties of the Gambling Craving Scale (GACS; Young & Wohl, 2009). The GACS is adapted from the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (Tiffany & Drobes, 1991) and thus measures gambling-related urge. Crucially, the validation of scales assessing gambling urge is complex because this construct is better conceptualized as a state (a transient and contextdetermined phenomenon). In the present study, we tested the psychometric properties of the French version of the GACS with 2 independent samples of community gamblers following an induction procedure delivered through an audio-guided imagery sequence aimed at promoting gambling urge. This procedure was specifically used to ensure the assessment of gambling urge as a state variable. Participants also completed measures of gambling severity, gambling cognitions and motives, impulsivity, and affect. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the original 3-factor solution (anticipation, desire, relief) did not fit the data well. Additional exploratory factor analysis suggested instead a 2-factor solution: An intention and desire to gamble dimension and a relief dimension. The factorial structure resulting from the exploratory factor analysis was tested with confirmatory factor analysis in a second independent sample, resulting in an acceptable fit. The 2 dimensions presented good internal reliability and correlated differentially with the other study's variables. The current study showed that, similar to what has been reported for substance-related urges, gambling urges are adequately probed with a bidimensional model. The findings suggest that the French GACS has good psychometric properties, legitimizing its use in research and clinical practice. © 2019 American Psychological Association.},
note = {Publisher: Educational Publishing Foundation},
keywords = {Adolescent, adult, aged, anticipation, article, case report, clinical article, clinical practice, confirmatory factor analysis, craving, Cross-Sectional Studies, cross-sectional study, devices, Diagnosis, exploratory factor analysis, Factor Analysis, female, Gambling, guided imagery, human, Humans, impulsiveness, male, Middle Aged, procedures, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, psychological rating scale, Psychometrics, psychometry, reliability, reproducibility, Reproducibility of Results, Statistical, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Little effort has been made to systematically test the psychometric properties of the Gambling Craving Scale (GACS; Young & Wohl, 2009). The GACS is adapted from the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (Tiffany & Drobes, 1991) and thus measures gambling-related urge. Crucially, the validation of scales assessing gambling urge is complex because this construct is better conceptualized as a state (a transient and contextdetermined phenomenon). In the present study, we tested the psychometric properties of the French version of the GACS with 2 independent samples of community gamblers following an induction procedure delivered through an audio-guided imagery sequence aimed at promoting gambling urge. This procedure was specifically used to ensure the assessment of gambling urge as a state variable. Participants also completed measures of gambling severity, gambling cognitions and motives, impulsivity, and affect. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the original 3-factor solution (anticipation, desire, relief) did not fit the data well. Additional exploratory factor analysis suggested instead a 2-factor solution: An intention and desire to gamble dimension and a relief dimension. The factorial structure resulting from the exploratory factor analysis was tested with confirmatory factor analysis in a second independent sample, resulting in an acceptable fit. The 2 dimensions presented good internal reliability and correlated differentially with the other study's variables. The current study showed that, similar to what has been reported for substance-related urges, gambling urges are adequately probed with a bidimensional model. The findings suggest that the French GACS has good psychometric properties, legitimizing its use in research and clinical practice. © 2019 American Psychological Association.
2.
Chrétien, M.; Giroux, I.; Goulet, A.; Jacques, C.; Bouchard, S.
Cognitive restructuring of gambling-related thoughts: A systematic review Article de journal
Dans: Addictive Behaviors, vol. 75, p. 108–121, 2017, ISSN: 03064603 (ISSN), (Publisher: Elsevier Ltd).
Résumé | Liens | BibTeX | Étiquettes: behavior change, cognition, Cognitive distortions, cognitive restructuring, Cognitive techniques, cognitive therapy, Cognitive-behavioral treatment, empiricism, Gambling, Gambling treatment, human, Humans, methodology, nomenclature, pathological gambling, procedures, psychology, review, sport, systematic review, Therapy, Thinking
@article{chretien_cognitive_2017,
title = {Cognitive restructuring of gambling-related thoughts: A systematic review},
author = {M. Chrétien and I. Giroux and A. Goulet and C. Jacques and S. Bouchard},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85024477584&doi=10.1016%2fj.addbeh.2017.07.001&partnerID=40&md5=77a066c286d78d0e401757c44a13b9af},
doi = {10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.07.001},
issn = {03064603 (ISSN)},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Addictive Behaviors},
volume = {75},
pages = {108–121},
abstract = {Gamblers' thoughts have a fundamental influence on their gambling problem. Cognitive restructuring is the intervention of choice to correct those thoughts. However, certain difficulties are noted in the application of cognitive restructuring techniques and the comprehension of their guidelines. Furthermore, the increase of skill game players (e.g. poker) entering treatment creates a challenge for therapists, as these gamblers present with different thoughts than those of the gamblers usually encountered in treatment (e.g. chance-only games like electronic gambling machines). This systematic review aims to describe how cognitive restructuring is carried out with gamblers based on the evidence available in empirical studies that include cognitive interventions for gambling. Of the 2607 studies collected, 39 were retained. The results highlight exposure as the most frequently used technique to facilitate identification of gambling-related thoughts (imaginal = 28.2%; in vivo = 10.3%). More than half of the studies (69.2%) clearly reported therapeutic techniques aimed to correct gamblers' thoughts, of which 37% involved visual support to challenge those thoughts (e.g. ABC log). Of the 39 studies retained, 48.7% included skill game players (i.e., poker, blackjack, sports betting) in their sample. However, none of these studies mentioned whether cognitive restructuring had been adapted for these gamblers. Several terms referring to gamblers' thoughts were used interchangeably (e.g. erroneous, dysfunctional or inadequate thoughts), although each of these terms could refer to specific content. Clinical implications of the results are discussed with regard to the needs of therapists. This review also suggests recommendations for future research. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd},
note = {Publisher: Elsevier Ltd},
keywords = {behavior change, cognition, Cognitive distortions, cognitive restructuring, Cognitive techniques, cognitive therapy, Cognitive-behavioral treatment, empiricism, Gambling, Gambling treatment, human, Humans, methodology, nomenclature, pathological gambling, procedures, psychology, review, sport, systematic review, Therapy, Thinking},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gamblers' thoughts have a fundamental influence on their gambling problem. Cognitive restructuring is the intervention of choice to correct those thoughts. However, certain difficulties are noted in the application of cognitive restructuring techniques and the comprehension of their guidelines. Furthermore, the increase of skill game players (e.g. poker) entering treatment creates a challenge for therapists, as these gamblers present with different thoughts than those of the gamblers usually encountered in treatment (e.g. chance-only games like electronic gambling machines). This systematic review aims to describe how cognitive restructuring is carried out with gamblers based on the evidence available in empirical studies that include cognitive interventions for gambling. Of the 2607 studies collected, 39 were retained. The results highlight exposure as the most frequently used technique to facilitate identification of gambling-related thoughts (imaginal = 28.2%; in vivo = 10.3%). More than half of the studies (69.2%) clearly reported therapeutic techniques aimed to correct gamblers' thoughts, of which 37% involved visual support to challenge those thoughts (e.g. ABC log). Of the 39 studies retained, 48.7% included skill game players (i.e., poker, blackjack, sports betting) in their sample. However, none of these studies mentioned whether cognitive restructuring had been adapted for these gamblers. Several terms referring to gamblers' thoughts were used interchangeably (e.g. erroneous, dysfunctional or inadequate thoughts), although each of these terms could refer to specific content. Clinical implications of the results are discussed with regard to the needs of therapists. This review also suggests recommendations for future research. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
3.
Giroux, I.; Faucher-Gravel, A.; St-Hilaire, A.; Boudreault, C.; Jacques, C.; Bouchard, S.
Gambling exposure in virtual reality and modification of urge to gamble Article de journal
Dans: Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, vol. 16, no 3, p. 224–231, 2013, ISSN: 21522715.
Résumé | Liens | BibTeX | Étiquettes: article, behavior therapy, clinical trial, computer interface, female, Gambling, human, Humans, Implosive Therapy, male, methodology, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, psychological aspect, psychological rating scale, questionnaire, Questionnaires, Self Concept, Self Efficacy, User-Computer Interface
@article{giroux_gambling_2013,
title = {Gambling exposure in virtual reality and modification of urge to gamble},
author = {I. Giroux and A. Faucher-Gravel and A. St-Hilaire and C. Boudreault and C. Jacques and S. Bouchard},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84875176361&doi=10.1089%2fcyber.2012.1573&partnerID=40&md5=b9473a795bb3b95cb98fa04afb34c2c7},
doi = {10.1089/cyber.2012.1573},
issn = {21522715},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {224–231},
abstract = {The urge to gamble is a psychological, physiological, and emotional state involved in the maintenance of pathological gambling. The ability of repeated exposure to a virtual gambling environment to modify the urge to gamble and perceived self-efficacy (PSE) is investigated. Ten video lottery players move throughout a virtual bar with five video lottery terminals five times. The urge to gamble and PSE do not significantly vary during exposure to the gambling environment. However, the desire to gamble significantly increases when passing from the practice environment to the gambling environment. These findings suggest that virtual reality is viable for use in exposure, but that a sole 20-minute session does not set the extinction process into motion. Future studies should be conducted on virtual exposure over the course of several sessions, with the addition of a cognitive restructuring intervention. © Copyright 2013, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2013.},
keywords = {article, behavior therapy, clinical trial, computer interface, female, Gambling, human, Humans, Implosive Therapy, male, methodology, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, psychological aspect, psychological rating scale, questionnaire, Questionnaires, Self Concept, Self Efficacy, User-Computer Interface},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The urge to gamble is a psychological, physiological, and emotional state involved in the maintenance of pathological gambling. The ability of repeated exposure to a virtual gambling environment to modify the urge to gamble and perceived self-efficacy (PSE) is investigated. Ten video lottery players move throughout a virtual bar with five video lottery terminals five times. The urge to gamble and PSE do not significantly vary during exposure to the gambling environment. However, the desire to gamble significantly increases when passing from the practice environment to the gambling environment. These findings suggest that virtual reality is viable for use in exposure, but that a sole 20-minute session does not set the extinction process into motion. Future studies should be conducted on virtual exposure over the course of several sessions, with the addition of a cognitive restructuring intervention. © Copyright 2013, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2013.