@article{bogie_using_2024,

title = {Using virtual reality to improve verbal episodic memory in schizophrenia: A proof-of-concept trial},

author = {B. J. M. Bogie and C. Noël and F. Gu and S. Nadeau and C. Shvetz and H. Khan and M. -C. Rivard and S. Bouchard and M. Lepage and S. Guimond},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186986986&doi=10.1016%2fj.scog.2024.100305&partnerID=40&md5=a15c598b45b8f44a40b25fe5fd078a06},

doi = {10.1016/j.scog.2024.100305},

issn = {22150013 (ISSN)},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Schizophrenia Research: Cognition},

volume = {36},

abstract = {Background: Schizophrenia is associated with impairments in verbal episodic memory. Strategy for Semantic Association Memory (SESAME) training represents a promising cognitive remediation program to improve verbal episodic memory. Virtual reality (VR) may be a novel tool to increase the ecological validity and transfer of learned skills of traditional cognitive remediation programs. The present proof-of-concept study aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a VR-based cognitive remediation module inspired by SESAME principles to improve the use of verbal episodic memory strategies in schizophrenia. Methods: Thirty individuals with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder completed this study. Participants were randomized to either a VR-based verbal episodic memory training condition inspired by SESAME principles (intervention group) or an active control condition (control group). In the training condition, a coach taught semantic encoding strategies (active rehearsal and semantic clustering) to help participants remember restaurant orders in VR. In the active control condition, participants completed visuospatial puzzles in VR. Attrition rate, participant experience ratings, and cybersickness questionnaires were used to assess feasibility and acceptability. Trial 1 of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test – Revised was administered pre- and post-intervention to assess preliminary efficacy. Results: Feasibility was demonstrated by a low attrition rate (5.88 %), and acceptability was demonstrated by limited cybersickness and high levels of enjoyment. Although the increase in the number of semantic clusters used following the module did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance in the intervention group, it demonstrated a notable trend with a medium effect size (t = 1.48},

note = {Publisher: Elsevier Inc.},

keywords = {adult, article, clinical article, clinical assessment, Cognitive remediation therapy, cybersickness, disease severity, dizziness, Ecological treatment, Episodic memory, exclusion VR criteria questionnaire, feasibility study, female, Hopkins verbal learning test, human, male, mini international neuropsychiatric interview, nausea, outcome assessment, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Proof of concept, questionnaire, randomized controlled trial, schizophrenia, scoring system, Semantic encoding, Semantics, task performance, training, Verbal memory, virtual reality, vr experience questionnaire},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{belleville_efficacy_2023,

title = {Efficacy of a Therapist-Assisted Self-Help Internet-Based Intervention Targeting PTSD, Depression, and Insomnia Symptoms After a Disaster: A Randomized Controlled Trial},

author = {G. Belleville and M. -C. Ouellet and V. Békés and J. Lebel and C. M. Morin and S. Bouchard and S. Guay and N. Bergeron and S. Ghosh and T. Campbell and F. P. Macmaster},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85140981202&doi=10.1016%2fj.beth.2022.08.004&partnerID=40&md5=261383919bbdaa149ac0eeb6d3317fc0},

doi = {10.1016/j.beth.2022.08.004},

issn = {00057894 (ISSN)},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Behavior Therapy},

volume = {54},

number = {2},

pages = {230–246},

abstract = {This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of an online CBT intervention with limited therapist contact targeting a range of posttraumatic symptoms among evacuees from the 2016 Fort McMurray wildfires. One hundred and thirty-six residents of Fort McMurray who reported either moderate PTSD symptoms (PCL-5 ≥ 23) or mild PTSD symptoms (PCL-5 ≥ 10) with moderate depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) or subthreshold insomnia symptoms (ISI ≥ 8) were randomized either to a treatment (n = 69) or a waitlist condition (n = 67). Participants were on average 45 years old, and mostly identified as White (82%) and as women (76%). Primary outcomes were PTSD, depression, and insomnia symptoms. Secondary outcomes were anxiety symptoms and disability. Significant Assessment Time × Treatment Condition interactions were observed on all outcomes, indicating that access to the treatment led to a decrease in posttraumatic stress (F[1,117.04] = 12.128},

note = {Publisher: Elsevier Inc.},

keywords = {adult, Anxiety, article, clinical effectiveness, clinical feature, cognitive behavioral therapy, controlled study, Depression, disaster, Disasters, disease severity, e-mental health, female, human, Humans, insomnia, Internet-Based Intervention, major clinical study, male, Middle Aged, natural disaster, physical disability, Post-Traumatic, posttraumatic stress disorder, psychotherapist, PTSD, randomized controlled trial, risk factor, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Stress Disorders, telepsychotherapy, treatment outcome, wildfire},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{remacle_can_2023,

title = {Can teaching simulations in a virtual classroom help trainee teachers to develop oral communication skills and self-efficacy? A randomized controlled trial.},

author = {A. Remacle and S. Bouchard and D. Morsomme},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85152896047&doi=10.1016%2fj.compedu.2023.104808&partnerID=40&md5=990f5fff277e3edf28e78b1fab80022c},

doi = {10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104808},

issn = {03601315 (ISSN)},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Computers and Education},

volume = {200},

abstract = {Effective oral communication skills are essential to ensure optimal teaching while preserving the teacher's vocal health. Training these skills in representative settings is expected to promote their generalization. Since the implementation of such training in actual school situations is challenging, virtual reality (VR) may represent a solution.This study evaluated the effects of VR simulations on trainee teachers’ oral communication skills. Based on our Theoretical Framework for Teachers’ Vocal Behavior, we developed and empirically assessed a voice-related prevention program including noisy communicative situations in a virtual classroom. In a randomized controlled trial, the participants were assigned to one of two conditions: (1) individual voice training including simulations in the virtual classroom and a group information session (experimental group},

note = {Publisher: Elsevier Ltd},

keywords = {Background noise, Computer aided instruction, Control groups, E-learning, Experimental groups, Oral communication, Oral communication skills, Personnel training, randomized controlled trial, Self Efficacy, Speech communication, Teacher training, Teachers', Virtual Classroom, virtual reality, Voice},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{seon_virtual_2023,

title = {A Virtual Reality-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for and With Inuit in Québec: Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Trial},

author = {Q. Seon and N. Mady and M. Yang and M. Karia and M. Lashley and C. Sescu and M. Lalonde and S. Puskas and J. Outerbridge and E. Parent-Racine and C. Pagiatakis and L. Gomez-Cardona and D. Jiang and S. Bouchard and O. Linnaranta},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85162096695&doi=10.2196%2f40236&partnerID=40&md5=81cbdc49f182df3c2a0062b0de21e496},

doi = {10.2196/40236},

issn = {19290748 (ISSN)},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {JMIR Research Protocols},

volume = {12},

abstract = {Background: Emotion regulation is an ability related to psychological well-being; when dysregulated, individuals may have psychiatric symptoms and maladapted physiological responses. Virtual reality-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy (VR-CBT) is an effective psychotherapy to target and strengthen emotion regulation; however, it currently lacks cultural sensitivity and can be improved by adapting it to the cultural context of service users. During previous participatory research, we co-designed a culturally adapted cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) manual and 2 virtual reality (VR) environments to function as a complement to therapy (VR-CBT) for Inuit who would like to access psychotherapy. Emotion regulation skill building will occur in virtual environments that have interactive components such as heart rate biofeedback. Objective: We describe a protocol for a proof-of-concept 2-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) with Inuit (n=40) in Québec. The primary aims of this research are to investigate the feasibility, benefits, and challenges of the culturally adapted VR-CBT intervention versus an established VR self-management that is available commercially. We will also investigate self-rated mental well-being and objective psychophysiological measures. Finally, we will use proof-of-concept data to identify suitable primary outcome measures, conduct power calculations in a larger trial for efficacy, and collect information about preferences for on-site or at-home treatment. Methods: Trial participants will be randomly assigned to an active condition or active control condition in a 1:1 ratio. Inuit aged 14 to 60 years will receive a culturally adapted and therapist-guided VR-CBT with biofeedback or a VR relaxation program with nonpersonalized guided components over a 10-week period. We will collect pre- and posttreatment measures of emotion regulation and biweekly assessments over the treatment and at 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome will be measured by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16) and a novel psychophysiological reactivity paradigm. Secondary measures include psychological symptoms and well-being via rating scales (eg, anxiety or depressive symptoms). Results: As this is the prospective registration of an RCT protocol, we do not yet report any results from the trial. Funding was confirmed in January 2020, and recruitment is expected to start in March 2023 and is set to finish in August 2025. The expected results are to be published in spring 2026. Conclusions: The proposed study responds to the community's desire for accessible and appropriate resources for psychological well-being, as it was developed in active collaboration with the Inuit community in Québec. We will test feasibility and acceptance by comparing a culturally adapted, on-site psychotherapy with a commercial self-management program while incorporating novel technology and measurement in the area of Indigenous health. We also aim to fulfill the needs for RCT evidence of culturally adapted psychotherapies that are lacking in Canada. © Quinta Seon, Noor Mady, Michelle Yang, Maharshee Karia, Myrna Lashley, Claudia Sescu, Maud Lalonde, Stephen Puskas, Joy Outerbridge, Echo Parent-Racine, Catherine Pagiatakis, Liliana Gomez-Cardona, Di Jiang, Stéphane Bouchard, Outi Linnaranta. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 24.05.2023. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Research Protocols, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.researchprotocols.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.},

note = {Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.},

keywords = {Biofeedback, co-design, cognitive behavioral therapy, cultural adaptation, emotion regulation, Indigenous, Inuit health, randomized controlled trial, virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{le_du_new_2023,

title = {A New Option for Pain Prevention Using a Therapeutic Virtual Reality Solution for Bone Marrow Biopsy (REVEH Trial): Open-Label, Randomized, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study},

author = {K. Le Du and A. -L. Septans and F. Maloisel and H. Vanquaethem and A. Schmitt and M. Le Goff and A. Clavert and M. Zinger and H. Bourgeois and O. Dupuis and F. Denis and S. Bouchard},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148250546&doi=10.2196%2f38619&partnerID=40&md5=e27bfbd3d4c42f8850daf70bdf60b384},

doi = {10.2196/38619},

issn = {14388871 (ISSN)},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},

volume = {25},

abstract = {Background: Evidence regarding the analgesic effect of distraction through immersion in virtual reality (VR) for care-induced pain has been documented in several phase 2 trials, but comparison with standard treatments in large, randomized studies is needed. Objective: In this open-label, multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel VR therapy solution for distraction in the context of bone marrow biopsy. Methods: Bliss is a VR software with 4 imaginary interactive environments in 3 dimensions with binaural sound (head-mounted display). Efficacy regarding pain intensity was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS; score from 0 to 10) immediately after the biopsy. Secondary end points were anxiety and tolerance. Modified intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results: Overall, 126 patients with previously documented untreated or suspected malignant hemopathy between September 6, 2018, and May 18, 2020, were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive pain prevention with a mixture of nitrous oxide/oxygen (MEOPA; n=63) or VR (n=63) before and during the bone marrow biopsy. We excluded 8 patients from the final analysis (3 in the MEOPA group and 5 in the VR group). All patients received local anesthesia (lidocaine) before biopsy. Follow-up was limited to 1 month after the biopsy. Participants' median age was 65.5 (range 18-87) years, and 54.2% (64/118) of patients were male. The average pain intensity was 3.5 (SD 2.6, 95% CI -1.6 to 8.6) for the MEOPA group and 3.0 (SD 2.4, 95% CI -1.7 to 7.7) for the VR group, without any significant differences in age, sex, center, and hemopathy (P=.26). Concerning anxiety, 67.5% (79/117; fear of pain questionnaire) of the patients were afraid before the biopsy, and anxiety scores were moderate to very high in 26.3% (30/114; revised Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire) of the patients before the biopsy and 9.0% (10/114) after the biopsy for all patients, without a significant difference between the 2 groups (P=.83). Immersion in VR was well tolerated by the majority (54/57, 95%) of patients in the VR group. Conclusions: The intensity of pain did not significantly differ between both arms. VR was well tolerated, and the satisfaction of patients, nurses, and physicians was very high. VR could be an alternative treatment in case of contraindication or intolerance to MEOPA. © 2023 Journal of Medical Internet Research. All rights reserved.},

note = {Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.},

keywords = {80 and over, Adolescent, adult, aged, alprazolam, Anxiety, article, Biopsy, blood pressure measurement, Bone Marrow, bone marrow biopsy, clinical trial, controlled study, demographics, digital health, digital therapeutics, Distraction, Effectiveness, efficacy, eHealth, female, follow up, head-mounted display, hematologic disease, human, human tissue, Humans, hypertension, imagery, imaginary, imagination, Immersive environment, Intention to Treat Analysis, interactive environment, leukemia, lidocaine, local anesthesia, lymphoma, major clinical study, male, medical procedure, Meopa, Middle Aged, monoclonal immunoglobulinemia, multicenter study, myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloma, myeloproliferative disorder, myeloproliferative neoplasm, nitrous oxide plus oxygen, open study, Pain, pain intensity, pain measurement, paracetamol, phase 3 clinical trial, prospective study, questionnaire, randomized controlled trial, RCT, relaxation training, safety, satisfaction, solid malignant neoplasm, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, very elderly, virtual reality, visual analog scale, VR, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{aardema_evaluation_2022,

title = {Evaluation of Inference-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial with Three Treatment Modalities},

author = {F. Aardema and S. Bouchard and D. Koszycki and M. E. Lavoie and J. -S. Audet and K. O'Connor},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85131012874&doi=10.1159%2f000524425&partnerID=40&md5=ff9a6095068e094c394e952eca4ca318},

doi = {10.1159/000524425},

issn = {00333190 (ISSN)},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics},

volume = {91},

number = {5},

pages = {348–359},

abstract = {Introduction: Inference-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (I-CBT) is a specialized psychological treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) without deliberate and prolonged exposure and response prevention (ERP) that focuses on strengthening reality-based reasoning and correcting the dysfunctional reasoning giving rise to erroneous obsessional doubts and ideas. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of I-CBT through a comparison with appraisal-based cognitive behavioral therapy (A-CBT) and an adapted mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention. Methods: This was a two-site, parallel-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing I-CBT with A-CBT. The MBSR intervention acted as a non-specific active control condition. Following formal evaluation, 111 participants diagnosed with OCD were randomly assigned. The principal outcome measure was the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Results: All treatments significantly reduced general OCD severity and specific symptom dimensions without a significant difference between treatments. I-CBT was associated with significant reductions in all symptom dimensions at post-test. Also, I-CBT led to significantly greater improvement in overvalued ideation, as well as significantly higher rates of remission as compared to MBSR at mid-test. Conclusions: I-CBT and MBSR appear to be effective, alternative treatment options for those with OCD that yield similar outcomes as A-CBT. I-CBT may have an edge in terms of the rapidity by which patients reach remission, its generalizability across symptom dimension, its potentially higher level of acceptability, and effectiveness for overvalued ideation. Future research is needed to assess whether additional alternative treatments options can help to increase the number of people successfully treated. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.},

note = {Publisher: S. Karger AG},

keywords = {adult, aged, appraisal based cognitive behavioral therapy, article, clinical effectiveness, clinical evaluation, clinical outcome, clinical trial, cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive-behavioral therapy, controlled study, disease severity, female, human, Humans, inference based cognitive behavioral therapy, Inference-based approach, intermethod comparison, major clinical study, male, mindfulness, mindfulness-based stress reduction, multicenter study, obsessive compulsive disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, patient dropout, procedures, randomized controlled trial, remission, treatment outcome, treatment refusal, Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orskov_cognitive_2022,

title = {Cognitive behavioral therapy with adaptive virtual reality exposure vs. cognitive behavioral therapy with in vivo exposure in the treatment of social anxiety disorder: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial},

author = {P. T. Ørskov and M. B. Lichtenstein and M. T. Ernst and I. Fasterholdt and A. F. Matthiesen and M. Scirea and S. Bouchard and T. E. Andersen},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85140322564&doi=10.3389%2ffpsyt.2022.991755&partnerID=40&md5=1dacd4e05081f4790ccd5e0d7224e0ca},

doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2022.991755},

issn = {16640640 (ISSN)},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},

volume = {13},

abstract = {Background: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) has a high prevalence and an early onset with recovery taking decades to occur. Current evidence supports the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with virtual reality (VR) exposure. However, the evidence is based on a sparse number of studies with predominantly small sample sizes. There is a need for more trials investigating the optimal way of applying VR based exposure for SAD. In this trial, we will test the efficacy of CBT with adaptive VR exposure allowing adjustment of the exposure based on real-time monitoring of the participants's anxiety level. Methods: The trial is a randomized controlled, assessor-blinded, parallel-group superiority trail. The study has two arms: (1) CBT including exposure in vivo (CBT-Exp), (2) CBT including exposure therapy using individually tailored VR-content and a system to track anxiety levels (CBT-ExpVR). Treatment is individual, manual-based and consists of 10 weekly sessions with a duration of 60 min. The study includes 90 participants diagnosed with SAD. Assessments are carried out pre-treatment, mid-treatment and at follow-up (6 and 12 months). The primary outcome is the mean score on the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS) with the primary endpoint being post-treatment. Discussion: The study adds to the existing knowledge by assessing the efficacy of CBT with adaptive VR exposure. The study has high methodological rigor using a randomized controlled trial with a large sample size that includes follow-up data and validated measures for social anxiety outcomes. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05302518. Copyright © 2022 Ørskov, Lichtenstein, Ernst, Fasterholdt, Matthiesen, Scirea, Bouchard and Andersen.},

note = {Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.},

keywords = {adult, aged, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, anxiety assessment, Anxiety disorder, article, behavior disorder assessment, cognitive behavioral therapy, comparative effectiveness, controlled study, Depression, Drug Use Disorders Identification Test, electrodermal activity, exposure, Fear of Negative Evaluation, follow up, health economics, Heart Rate, human, Leibowitz Anxiety Scale, Machine learning, major clinical study, psychological distress assessment, psychophysiological measurements, randomized controlled trial, Simulator Sickness Questionnaire, social anxiety, Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, social phobia, Subjective Units of Distress Scale, therapy effect, treatment duration, treatment outcome, virtual reality, virtual reality exposure therapy, Working Alliance Inventory},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{dugas_behavioral_2022,

title = {Behavioral Experiments for Intolerance of Uncertainty: A Randomized Clinical Trial for Adults With Generalized Anxiety Disorder},

author = {M. J. Dugas and K. A. Sexton and E. A. Hebert and S. Bouchard and J. -P. Gouin and R. Shafran},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85133178888&doi=10.1016%2fj.beth.2022.05.003&partnerID=40&md5=4dd15547cbef29c5f1adc84169176c53},

doi = {10.1016/j.beth.2022.05.003},

issn = {00057894 (ISSN)},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Behavior Therapy},

volume = {53},

number = {6},

pages = {1147–1160},

abstract = {Sophisticated multicomponent treatments for adults with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) have been developed over the past three decades. Although these comprehensive treatments have produced encouraging results, they appear to be less efficacious than treatments for other anxiety disorders. The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to test a newly developed, highly focused treatment for adults with GAD: Behavioral Experiments for Intolerance of Uncertainty. Sixty (60) participants (51 women, 9 men), with a mean age of 34.60 years (range: 19 to 67 years), were randomized to either treatment (n = 30) or wait-list control (n = 30). Treatment consisted of 12 weekly 1-hour sessions in which participants learned to use behavioral experiments to test their catastrophic beliefs about uncertainty. Assessments were conducted at pre-, mid- and postcondition, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the severity of GAD, and secondary outcomes were worry, depression, somatic anxiety, and intolerance of uncertainty. Using growth curve modeling, we found that (1) the treatment group was superior to the wait-list group in terms of change from pre- to posttest on all outcomes; (2) the combined sample (once wait-listed participants received treatment) evidenced large and significant decreases on all outcomes; and (3) treatment gains were either maintained or increased over the 12-month follow-up period of the study. The new treatment is a promising treatment option for adults with GAD considering that it may be as efficacious as more comprehensive evidence-based psychological treatments for GAD. © 2022},

note = {Publisher: Elsevier Inc.},

keywords = {adult, aged, antidepressant agent, Anxiety, Anxiety disorder, Anxiety Disorders, anxiolytic agent, article, behavior assessment, behavioral experiments, benzodiazepine, cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive vulnerability, Cognitive-behavioral treatment, confusion (uncertainty), controlled study, dependent variable, Depression, disease severity, female, follow up, generalized anxiety disorder, growth curve, human, Humans, intolerance of uncertainty, major clinical study, male, mental disease, outcome assessment, patient worry, procedures, psychology, randomized controlled trial, uncertainty},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bouchard_multisite_2022,

title = {A Multisite Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial of the Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder Delivered by Videoconference},

author = {S. Bouchard and M. J. Dugas and G. Belleville and F. Langlois and P. Gosselin and G. Robillard and G. Corno and A. Marchand},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139777758&doi=10.3390%2fjcm11195924&partnerID=40&md5=52cbc697b3a9705b2f7fb87b7bfdc3eb},

doi = {10.3390/jcm11195924},

issn = {20770383 (ISSN)},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},

volume = {11},

number = {19},

abstract = {Delivering psychotherapy by videoconference has been studied in a number of clinical trials, but no large controlled trial has involved generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This multicenter randomized controlled non-inferiority trial was conducted to test if cognitive-behavior psychotherapy delivered by videoconference (VCP) is as effective as cognitive-behavior psychotherapy delivered face-to-face, using a strict margin of tolerance for non-inferiority. A total of 148 adults received a 15-session weekly manualized program. The treatment was based on the intolerance of uncertainty model of GAD. The impact of treatment was assessed using primary (GAD severity), secondary (worry, anxiety, and intolerance of uncertainty) and tertiary (general functioning) variables measured before and after treatment and at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups. Results showed that: (a) the treatment was effective; (b) VCP for GAD was statistically non-inferior to face-to-face psychotherapy on primary, secondary and tertiary measures at all assessment points; (c) change in intolerance of uncertainty significantly predicted change in the primary outcome measure over and above important clinical factors common to all psychotherapies (motivation, working alliance, perceived therapist competence, and client satisfaction). These findings support the use of VCP as a promising treatment option for adults with GAD. Clinical trial registry: ISRCTN#12662027. © 2022 by the authors.},

note = {Publisher: MDPI},

keywords = {adult, Anxiety, article, Beck Depression Inventory, cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive-behavior therapy, competence, controlled study, female, follow up, generalized anxiety disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, human, Likert scale, major clinical study, male, motivation, multicenter study, non-inferiority, patient worry, penn state worry questionnaire, predictors of outcome, psychotherapist, quality of life, randomized controlled trial, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders, treatment outcome, videoconferencing, videoconferencing psychotherapy, World Health Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{marcotte-beaumier_role_2021,

title = {The role of intolerance of uncertainty and working alliance in the outcome of cognitive behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety disorder delivered by videoconference: Mediation analysis},

author = {G. Marcotte-Beaumier and S. Bouchard and P. Gosselin and F. Langlois and G. Belleville and A. Marchand and M. J. Dugas},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85103169307&doi=10.2196%2f24541&partnerID=40&md5=6d4abe613d27257552970428c3a84bb4},

doi = {10.2196/24541},

issn = {23687959},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {JMIR Mental Health},

volume = {8},

number = {3},

abstract = {Background: Previous meta-analyses have shown a significant relationship between working alliance and treatment outcome in general. Some studies have examined the relationship between working alliance and treatment outcome during telepsychotherapy, but to the best of our knowledge, no study has examined the mediating role of individual components of the working alliance. Objective: As part of a clinical trial of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) delivered by videoconference (VC), the aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty on the relationship between the components of the working alliance and treatment outcome. Methods: A sample of 46 adults with primary GAD received 15 sessions of CBT for GAD delivered over VC. Participants completed the measure of working alliance immediately after the fifth therapy session. The degree of change in intolerance of uncertainty (a key psychological process) was assessed from pre- to posttreatment. Treatment outcome was assessed via changes in GAD symptoms from pretreatment to the 6-month follow-up. Results: The results revealed that the therapeutic bond did not predict treatment outcome (r=-0.23; P=.12). However, agreement on therapeutic goals and tasks did predict treatment outcome (r=-0.42; P=.004 and r=-0.37; P=.01, respectively). In addition, the relationship between consensus on therapeutic tasks and treatment outcome was completely mediated by changes in intolerance of uncertainty (unstandardized β=-0.03; r2=0.12), whereas consensus relative to treatment goals had a direct impact on treatment outcome. Conclusions: These results provide a better understanding of the differential role of the components of the working alliance in telepsychotherapy as a facilitative factor for changes in key cognitive processes, leading to therapeutic change. © 2021 JMIR Publications Inc. All Rights Reserved.},

note = {Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.},

keywords = {adult, article, clinical article, cognitive behavioral therapy, consensus, controlled study, female, follow up, generalized anxiety disorder, human, male, mediation analysis, outcome assessment, randomized controlled trial, telehealth, therapeutic alliance, treatment outcome, uncertainty, videoconferencing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}